Across
- 4. __________ is the acronym that describes devices that automate many industrial tasks by receiving digital commands and converting them into real-world actions such as shutting down a power grid or opening a valve in a fuel pipeline.
- 10. __________ are awarded based on successful completion of an exam that verifies your level of knowledge about a particular technology or subject.
- 11. A(n) ________ administrator analyzes a company’s data to determine the most effective way to collect and store it.
- 13. Neumann Early computers that held both programs and data in memory became known as ________ architecture.
- 14. With the proliferation of computer viruses and worms, computer __________ has become a hot niche for IT workers.
- 15. A computer ________ designs, codes, and tests computer programs. In addition, they may modify existing programs to meet new requirements or eliminate bugs.
- 16. A stock market _________ refers to a sharp rise in stock values that is later followed by a sudden decline.
- 17. The information industry has three major facets: _________, computers, and telecommunications.
- 18. In the context of economics, ___________ is a measurement of the amount of output that is produced per unit of input.
- 21. The 1930s can be characterized as a phase of innovation for ________, a technology designed to send moving images over a distance.
- 24. If you are hired as an entry-level programmer, your job title would typically be a(n) ___________ programmer.
- 26. Thomas de Colmar’s _________ became the first mass-produced mechanical calculator.
- 30. Guglielmo Marconi is credited as the person who invented the ___________, a device that sends and receives sound as electromagnetic waves.
- 32. ____________ is the disclosure by an employee of confidential information that relates to some danger, fraud, or other illegal or unethical conduct connected with the workplace, be it of the employer or of fellow employees.
- 36. ________ was an electronic device designed to decode messages that were sent between the German High Command and their field officers in World War II.
- 37. A(n) ____________ administrator plans, installs, and maintains one or more local area networks and may also manage cloud resources.
- 38. _________ workers are not official employees of a company.
- 40. carrier A(n) ___________ is any person or company that transports goods, passengers, or electronic signals over regular routes at set rates.
- 43. The success of an underwater telegraph cable depended on the discovery of __________, a rubber-like substance.
- 45. Engine Babbage’s __________ was an all-purpose computing device.
- 47. law ___________ states that every two years the number of transistors in an integrated circuit will double without raising its cost.
Down
- 1. ___________ refers to transmitting text or symbolic information over long distances without the use of a living carrier, such as a courier.
- 2. Second-generation computers used ________ instead of vacuum tubes.
- 3. With respect to organizations, confidentiality means protecting __________ information about company finances, procedures, products, and research that competitors would find valuable.
- 4. High-level programming languages were available for use on ________-generation computers.
- 5. ______________ goods are raw materials, tools, and machinery used by businesses to make consumer goods.
- 6. The Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was the first handheld ___________ telephone.
- 7. A(n) _______________ uses available technology to work from home or an off-site location.
- 8. tubes The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use ________ instead of mechanical switches as processing circuitry.
- 9. A(n) ___________ is a device that transmits human voices over a distance using cables or airborne signals.
- 12. The Harvard Mark I was digital but used _________ rather than binary representation.
- 19. _____________ is the use of ICT technology to carry out politically motivated attacks designed to infiltrate, sabotage, or damage an opponent’s information systems and defensive capabilities.
- 20. ___________ is the obligation not to disclose willingly any information that should be kept private.
- 22. 1996 was the year that cable _______ service made its debut.
- 23. A computer _________ is any person whose primary occupation involves the design, configuration, analysis, development, modification, testing, or security of computer hardware or software.
- 25. ____________ reduces the cost of goods and services by using workers and manufacturing facilities in countries with inexpensive labor.
- 27. Telephone networks are based on a hierarchy of interconnected stars. At the center of the star is a telephone ___________ that manages connections between callers.
- 28. Computer systems such as the Mark-8 and the MITS Altair are examples of early ______ computers.
- 29. The term professional _______ refers to on-the-job choices and actions that reflect a person’s values.
- 31. _________ technology displaces an existing business process, market, industry, or product.
- 33. When the PC version of the spreadsheet program __________ became available, the IBM PC quickly became the top-selling personal computer.
- 34. Participants in open _________ community projects get experience and make connections with other professionals that can be valuable resources during a job hunt.
- 35. An information _________ degree focuses on computer equipment and software used by businesses.
- 39. It was not until the ______ generation of computers that portable operating systems, such as CP/M and UNIX, provided programmers with similar operating system commands across hardware platforms.
- 41. An abacus is an example of a(n) _________ calculator.
- 42. _______ certification, offered by Certiport, covers basic computing knowledge and skills.
- 44. A calculation is based on a(n) ___________—the step-by-step process by which numbers are manipulated.
- 46. code Transmitting data in a telegraph system used _______, a binary encoding system based on dots and dashes.