Civil Test

4. A structure built to span a physical obstacle like a river or a road.
6. A force that causes parts of a material to slide past each other in opposite directions.
7. A horizontal structural element that carries loads perpendicular to its axis.
9. The lowest part of a building that anchors it to the ground and supports its weight.
11. A powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay, mixed with water to form mortar or concrete.
12. An artificial channel for conveying water, typically in the form of a bridge across a valley.
14. A force that pushes or squeezes a material together.

1. A composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with fluid cement.
2. The process of measuring distances, directions, and elevations on the earth's surface.
3. A force that pulls or stretches a material apart.
5. A barrier built across a waterway to hold back water and raise its level.
8. The weight or force that a structure must be able to support.
10. A framework of triangles used to support a roof, bridge, or other structure.
11. A vertical structural member that transfers the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
13. A steel bar or mesh used as a tension device in reinforced concrete to strengthen the structure.