Civil War

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Across
  1. 4. It is the freeing of slaves,
  2. 6. Also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, was the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War—and of U.S. history. Despite this blunder, Antietam was an important victory. Lee’s northward advance had been stopped.
  3. 7. Lincoln saw the Copperheads as a threat to support of the war effort. To silence them, he suspended the right of habeas corpus. This is a constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment. Ignoring this protection, Union officials jailed their enemies, including some Copperheads, without evidence or trial. Lincoln’s action greatly angered Democrats and some Republicans.
  4. 10. The general assembled a highly disciplined force of 100,000 soldiers called the Army of the Potomac. The careful McClellan spent months training. However, because he overestimated the size of the Confederate army, McClellan hesitated to attack.
  5. 11. This was a key battle that finally turned the tide against the Confederates. The battle began on July 1, 1863, when the Confederate raiding party and the Union forces began exchanging fire. The larger Confederate forces began to push the Union troops back through Gettysburg. The Union soldiers regrouped along the high ground of Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill. General Lee wanted to prevent the Union forces from entrenching themselves. He therefore ordered General Ewell to attack immediately. However, Ewell hesitated and thereby gave the Federals time to establish an excellent defensive position.
  6. 12. developed a two-part strategy: (1) destroy the South’s economy with a naval blockade of southern ports; (2) gain control of the Mississippi River to divide the South. Other leaders urged an attack on Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital.
  7. 14. Ships heavily armored with iron.
  8. 16. He was an admiral and approached the two forts that guarded the entrance to New Orleans from the Gulf of Mexico. Unable to destroy the forts, Farragut decided to race past them.
  9. 17. A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Lee had served in the Mexican War and had led federal troops at Harpers Ferry. Lee was willing to take risks and make unpredictable moves to throw Union forces off balance.
  10. 18. She organized the collection of medicine and supplies for delivery to the battlefield. At the field hospitals, the “angel of the battlefield” soothed the wounded and dying and assisted doctors as bullets flew around her. Barton’s work formed the basis for the future American Red Cross.
  11. 20. It consisted mostly of free African Americans. In July 1863 this regiment led a heroic charge on South Carolina’s Fort Wagner. The 54th took heavy fire and suffered huge casualties in the failed operation. About half the regiment was killed, wounded, or captured.
  12. 21. In 1861 that spark occurred at Fort Sumter, a federal out-post in Charleston, South Carolina, that was attacked by Confederate troops, beginning the Civil War.
  13. 22. Run Jackson wanted to defeat Pope’s army before it could join up with McClellan’s larger Army of the Potomac. Jackson’s troops met Pope’s Union forces on the battlefield in August 1862. The three-day battle became known as this.
  14. 23. They were midwesterners who sympathized with the South and opposed abolition. They believed the war was not necessary and called for its end.
  15. 24. wedged between the North and the South were the states of Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri—slave states that did not join the Confederacy. Kentucky and Missouri controlled parts of important rivers. Maryland separated the Union capital, Washington, DC, from the North.
Down
  1. 1. This was the idea that Great Britain would support the Confederacy because it needed the South’s raw cotton to supply its booming textile industry.
  2. 2. escaped slaves that had the right to join the Union army in South Carolina.
  3. 3. It was the first major battle of the Civil War and the Confederates’ victory. The battle is also known as the First Battle of Manassas. It shattered the North’s hopes of winning the war quickly.
  4. 5. During the summer of 1862, Lee strengthened his positions. On June 26 he launched a series of clashes known as this that forced the Union army to retreat from near Richmond.
  5. 8. in this battle the Union army gained greater control of the Mississippi River valley.
  6. 9. Bold and restless, Grant grew impatient when he was asked to lead defensive military maneuvers. He wanted to be on the attack. As a commander of forces in the Union’s western campaign he would get his wish.
  7. 13. The order to free the Confederate slaves.
  8. 15. General Grant’s troops began this in mid-May 1863,cutting off the city and shelling it repeatedly. As food ran out, residents and soldiers survived by eating horses, dogs, and rats.
  9. 19. “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!” cried one southern officer. “Rally behind the Virginians!” At that moment General