Civil War

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Across
  1. 2. the failed attempt by American and French forces to retake the port city from its British occupiers.
  2. 3. the resistance to enslavement through escape and flight, through the end of the Civil War
  3. 4. Robert E. Lee surrendered
  4. 6. a critical win for both the Union and the Confederacy.
  5. 8. defense against pro-slavery "Border Ruffians", abolition, driving pro-slavery settlers from their claims of land, revenge, and/or plunder
  6. 11. Union forces commanded by William T. Sherman, wanting to neutralize the important rail and supply hub, defeated Confederate forces defending the city under John B. Hood.
  7. 12. the historic period in which the United States grappled with the question of how to integrate millions of newly freed African Americans into social, political, and labor systems
  8. 13. one of the largest and deadliest battles of the Civil War
  9. 14. a crucial victory for the Union during the Civil War.
  10. 16. restricted black people's right to own property, conduct business, buy and lease land, and move freely through public spaces
  11. 18. the political policy of promoting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants, including by supporting immigration-restriction measures.
  12. 19. ended the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia's first invasion into the North and led Abraham Lincoln to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
  13. 20. classified the escaping slaves as contraband of war.
  14. 21. Gen. Robert E. Lee's Confederate army defeated Union
Down
  1. 1. declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
  2. 5. Confederate general Joseph E. Johnston's troops line the mountain's crest to repulse the advance of Union general William T. Sherman
  3. 7. marked the official beginning of the American Civil War
  4. 9. military strategy proposed by Union General Winfield Scott early in the American Civil War.
  5. 10. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point.
  6. 14. A civil war campaign
  7. 15. the largest auction of enslaved people in U.S. history
  8. 17. those who owned and worked their own land.