Climatology Grade 12

2. A measure of how hot or cold the air is.
4. A long period with very little or no rainfall.
10. A line on a weather map joining places with the same air pressure.
12. _____________ Layer – A layer in the atmosphere that absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
13. Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere, such as rain, snow, hail, or sleet.
14. The layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
18. A boundary between two different air masses.
19. Niño A warming of Pacific Ocean waters that affects global weather patterns.
20. Thick, dark rain clouds that cover the sky and bring continuous rain or snow.
25. The process where liquid water changes into water vapour due to heat.
26. The process where water vapour cools and changes into liquid water droplets.
27. Puffy, white “cotton wool” clouds with flat bases. They are usually associated with fair weather.
29. The condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.

1. Point The temperature at which air becomes saturated and condensation occurs.
3. The scientific study of weather and the atmosphere.
5. ______ Effect The warming of Earth caused by gases trapping heat in the atmosphere.
6. The scientific study of climates and long-term weather patterns.
7. Warming The gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature.
8. A large-scale system of winds rotating around a low-pressure centre.
9. A cold wind flowing downhill from high elevations.
11. The average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time,
15. The amount of water vapour in the air.
16. Thin, wispy white clouds found very high in the sky.
17. Large, towering clouds that produce thunderstorms, heavy rain, lightning, hail, and sometimes tornadoes. These are known as storm clouds.
21. Mass A large body of air with similar temperature and moisture characteristics.
22. The movement of air from an area of high pressure to low pressure.
23. A high-pressure weather system usually associated with clear skies.
24. Pressure The force exerted by the weight of air on the Earth’s surface.
28. A line on a map joining places with the same temperature.