Across
- 3. and Unusual Punishment - Treatment prohibited by the Eighth Amendment that is considered inhumane, degrading, or disproportionate to the crime committed.
- 7. Officer - A professional who monitors and supervises individuals released from prison on parole to help them successfully reintegrate into society.
- 8. Corpus - A legal action filed by a single offender claiming unlawful imprisonment based on violations of constitutional rights.
- 10. - A short-term, multipurpose holding facility that serves as the gateway to the criminal justice system, typically housing people awaiting trial or serving sentences of less than one year.
- 12. Security - The lowest level of prison security with few physical barriers to escape and more programs available for offenders.
- 16. - The act of confining someone in a jail or prison as punishment for a crime.
- 17. - Programs and treatments designed to help offenders change their behavior and successfully reintegrate into society.
- 20. State Penitentiary - A revolutionary prison built in 1829 that emphasized individual cells, reflection, and the "silent system" for prisoner rehabilitation.
- 21. Street Jail - An early American prison (1790) that introduced humane reforms including adequate food, separation of different populations, and paid prisoner labor.
- 22. Lease System - A post-Civil War practice in the South where prisoners were leased to private companies for labor, often under harsh conditions.
- 23. - The tendency of former inmates to commit new crimes and return to prison after their release.
Down
- 1. - The supervised early release of a prisoner before their full sentence is completed, based on good behavior and meeting certain requirements.
- 2. 1983 - A federal civil rights law that allows class action lawsuits against prison systems for unfavorable conditions, seeking monetary damages.
- 4. - An alternative to incarceration where offenders serve their sentence in the community under supervision and specific conditions.
- 5. Confinement - The practice of isolating prisoners in closed cells for extended periods with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation.
- 6. - The system of agencies and programs responsible for supervising individuals who have been arrested, convicted, or sentenced for criminal offenses.
- 9. Segregation - A form of solitary confinement where inmates are kept in single cells for 23 hours a day, typically for disciplinary or safety reasons.
- 11. - A long-term correctional institution designed to house individuals convicted of felonies and serving sentences longer than one year.
- 13. Security - The highest level of prison security designed for dangerous or violent offenders, housed in fortress-like facilities with extensive security measures.
- 14. - A correctional institution based on the concept that inmates could change their criminal behavior through reflection, penitence, and rehabilitation.
- 15. Officer - A professional who supervises offenders serving probation sentences in the community and ensures compliance with court-ordered conditions.
- 18. System - A prison model featuring congregate work during the day, individual cells at night, and strict enforcement of silence among inmates.
- 19. Security - A moderate level of prison security featuring self-contained, walled facilities that offer vocational, educational, and rehabilitation programs.