Across
- 2. they can run many programs at what
- 5. operating systems, or OS's for short are just what
- 11. they had to write code as what often just by reading manuals, and hope ti worked when shared
- 12. not only did they have to worry about writing their program, but also how to interface with each and every model of printer and all devices connected to a computer what are called
- 14. the most influential of early what operating systems was Multics or multiplexed information and computing service release in 1916
- 15. in the late 50's computers had gotten so fast what waiting for slow mechanical things, like printers and punch card readers
- 16. Dennis Ritchie one of the what working on Multics, once said one of the obvious things that went wrong with Multics as a commercial success was just that it was sort of over engineered in a sense
- 17. this ability enable by the operating system is called
- 19. this was clearly terrible, so to make it easier for programmers, operating systems stepped in as what between software programs and hardware peripherals
- 20. this is also really useful in protecting against malicious software like what
Down
- 1. they knew it was going to be wicked fast, so the needed a way to what use of the expensive machine
- 3. features like this meant Multics was really what for its time
- 4. instead of being given one program at a time computers could be given what
- 6. they wanted to what the OS into two parts
- 7. there was no downtime while someone scurried around and office to find the next program to run. this is what
- 8. while computers go faster, they also got what
- 9. first released in 1981 it became the what OS for early home c computers, even though it lacked multitasking and protected memory
- 10. more specifically they provided a software abstraction through API's called what
- 13. developers didn't want mischievous users what data they shouldn't use
- 18. to hide this complexity operating systems what memory locations complicated features like this meant Multics was really what for its time
