Crime & Deviance - Who said what?

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Across
  1. 3. Found that police labelling and crackdowns on drug use among hippies in the 1970s amplified rather than reduced deviance, showing how labelling can escalate criminal behaviour.
  2. 5. Found that justice is negotiated and class-biased, with police and courts labelling working-class youth as inherently criminal while excusing similar behaviour by the middle class.
  3. 7. Argues that the 1970s “mugging” moral panic was manufactured by the state and media to divert attention from capitalism’s crisis and justify repressive policing of black youth.
  4. 10. Working-class boys experience status frustration and form subcultures with alternative values to gain respect when denied success by mainstream standards.
  5. 11. Working-class boys commit crime due to their socialisation into a subculture with focal concerns such as toughness, excitement, and trouble.
  6. 13. Argues that deviance is socially constructed through labelling by powerful groups and moral entrepreneurs who define what counts as deviant, creating “outsiders” through moral crusades.
  7. 14. Delinquents are not permanently deviant; they drift in and out of delinquency using techniques of neutralisation to justify their actions.
Down
  1. 1. Claims capitalism breeds crime by promoting competition, selfishness, and greed, encouraging people to act in their own interest at the expense of others.
  2. 2. McRobbie and ____________ suggest that the concept of ‘moral panic’ is now outdated as audiences are more sophisticated and critical of the messages they receive.
  3. 4. People experience ‘strain’ between society’s success goals and unequal means of achieving them, leading to different deviant adaptations such as innovation or retreatism.
  4. 6. Argues that laws are created by and for the ruling class to protect private property and maintain capitalist power, as seen in the introduction of vagrancy laws to control labour.
  5. 8. Crime is inevitable and functional because it reinforces shared values, promotes social change, and acts as a safety valve for society.
  6. 9. Argued that the media’s news values led to them exaggerating the extent of violent crime in the UK, particularly in tabloid newspapers such as the Sun and Daily Mail.
  7. 12. Distinguishes between primary deviance (minor acts with little impact) and secondary deviance (a deviant identity formed through societal reaction and labelling).