Across
- 2. A fastener embedded in concrete or masonry to secure framing to the foundation
- 6. A thin coat of cement applied to the outside of a foundation wall for protection
- 7. Thin pieces of material used to adjust the height or level of framing members
- 9. Short wood pieces used between studs or joists to provide support or stiffening
- 11. The downward movement or sag in a structural member under load
- 12. The distance a joist or beam can cover between supports
- 14. A method of strengthening the foundation of an existing structure
- 15. The horizontal framing member at the base of a wall, attached to the floor
- 16. The bottom horizontal member of a wall frame that rests on the foundation or subfloor
- 17. A beam over a door or window that distributes the load to the sides of the opening
- 18. A horizontal member attached to a wall to support the ends of joists or beams
Down
- 1. The horizontal member at the top of a wall that supports the roof or ceiling joists
- 3. Strips of wood or metal applied to a wall or ceiling to create a level surface for finishes
- 4. Material such as steel or wire mesh added to concrete slabs to prevent cracking
- 5. A wood plate attached to the top of the foundation, often pressure-treated
- 8. The layer of soil prepared beneath a slab-on-ground floor
- 10. The area beneath a house, typically between the ground and the first floor
- 13. Material used in walls, floors, and ceilings to control heat flow