Across
- 6. pyramid model that shows the loss of energy from one trophic level to another;
- 8. a combination of carbon and oxygen that is dissolved in ocean water
- 9. nutrients that are accumulated for short or long periods of time in Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land masses
- 10. a process in which carbon dioxide enters the leaves of plants and reacts with water in the presence of sunlight to produce carbohydrates and oxygen; also occurs in some micro-organisms
- 11. the process in which ammonium (NH4+) is converted into nitrate (NO3-)
- 12. the process in which nitrogen gas is converted into compounds that contain nitrate (NO3-) or ammonium (NH4+)
- 13. the nutrient cycle in which N is moved through the biosphere
- 14. the cellular process in which both plants and animals release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere by converting carbohydrates and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water
- 15. bacteria that convert nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) during decomposition, playing a significant role in nitrogen fixation
Down
- 1. the nutrient cycle in which P is moved through the biosphere
- 2. the process in which soil particles and decaying organic matter accumulate in layers on the ground or at the bottom of large bodies of water, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rock
- 3. the nutrient cycle in which C is moved through the biosphere
- 4. soil bacteria involved in TWO stages of nitrification. In the first stage, certain species convert ammonium (NH4+) into nitrite (NO2-); in the second stage, different species convert nitrite (NO2-) into nitrate(NO3-)
- 5. the process in which nitrogen (N2) is returned to the atmosphere.
- 7. the continuous flows (exchanges) of nutrients in and out of stores
- 13. substances such as the chemicals nitrogen and phosphorus that are required by plants and animals for energy, growth, development, repair, or maintenance;