Across
- 4. process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
- 7. tissue：Dermal tissue is the outermost layer of plants, analogous to the skin of animals. This layer is more commonly known as the epidermis, the same as our outer layer. They are one of the three types of plant tissues, along with vascular and ground tissue.
- 10. spreading of something more widely
- 12. sharp explosive cry of certain animals, especially a dog, fox, or seal.
- 13. of a plant normally below the ground
- 17. sweet crystalline substance obtained from various plants, especially sugar cane and sugar beet, consisting essentially of sucrose, and used as a sweetener in food and drink:
- 20. ：a flowering plant's unit of reproduction, capable of developing into another such plant
- 24. upper layer of earth that may be dug or plowed and in which plants grow
- 25. hard fibrous material that forms the main substance of the trunk or branches of a tree or shrub, used for fuel or timber:
- 26. tissue：tissues have undifferentiated cells, which form the building blocks of the specialized plant structures.
- 27. to or denoting an organism that contains genetic material into which DNA from an unrelated organism has been artificially introduced
- 29. cells：each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells.
- 30. vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.
- 31. ：the main woody stem of a tree as distinct from its branches and roots.
- 32. space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
- 33. meristem：Apical Meristem Definition The apical meristem is the growth region in plants found within the root tips and the tips of the new shoots and leaves. Apical meristem is one of three types of meristem, or tissue which can differentiate into different cell types. Meristem is the tissue in which growth occurs in plants.
- 35. main body or stalk of a plant or shrub, typically rising above ground but occasionally subterranean.
- 37. green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
Down
- 1. the color between blue and yellow in the spectrum; colored like grass or emeralds
- 2. tissue ：The upper or outer layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin
- 3. or wound (a person or animal) with a bullet or arrow:
- 5. of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width which allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces. Also called stomate.
- 6. chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its fertility
- 8. ：the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem. Compare with phloem.
- 9. reproduction ：vegetative reproduction, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or grows from a specialized reproductive structure (such as a stolon, rhizome, tuber, corm, or bulb)
- 11. living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses, typically growing in a permanent site, absorbing water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizing nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll.
- 14. sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten as food:
- 15. exchange：Gas exchange is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide (the respiratory gases) move in opposite directions across an organism's respiratory membranes, between the air or water of the external environment and the body fluids of the internal environment.
- 16. woody perennial plant, typically having a single stem or trunk growing to a considerable height and bearing lateral branches at some distance from the ground.
- 18. ：a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring.
- 19. seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels) that are typically surrounded by a brightly colored corolla (petals) and a green calyx (sepals).
- 21. fence of wooden stakes or iron railings fixed in the ground, forming an enclosure or defense.
- 22. tissue：The outer layers of tissue of woody roots and stems, consisting of the cork cambium and the tissues produced by it, such as cork.
- 23. protective and waxy or hard layer covering the epidermis of a plant, invertebrate, or shell.
- 24. mesophyll：The spongy mesophyll is a type of photosynthetic tissue found in the leaves of most plants.
- 28. culture propagation ： It makes use of parts of a plant to generate multiple copies of the plant in a very short duration. The technique exploits the property of totipotency of plant cell which means that any cell from any part of the plant can be used to generate a whole new plant.
- 29. tissue：A ground tissue is a plant tissue other than those of the dermal tissues and the vascular tissues. It arises from the ground meristem. It fills in the soft parts of the plants, such as cortex, pith, pericycle, etc.
- 34. meristem：Secondary, or lateral, meristems, which are found in all woody plants and in some herbaceous ones, consist of the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. They produce secondary tissues from a ring of vascular cambium in stems and roots.
- 36. tissue： the tissue in higher plants that constitutes the vascular system, consisting of phloem and xylem, by which water and nutrients are conducted throughout the plant.
- 38. flattened structure of a higher plant, typically green and blade-like, that is attached to a stem directly or via a stalk. Leaves are the main organs of photosynthesis and transpiration