Across
- 2. A body of officials who perform religious services, such as priests, ministers or rabbis.
- 4. The medieval knight’s code of ideal behavior, including bravery, loyalty, and respect for women.
- 7. Norse barbarians who attacked the people of western Europe during the dark ages by sea
- 9. Followers of Islam who invaded Western Europe from the south; the invasion was stopped by the Franks at the Battle of Tours.
- 13. Catholic Church the Christian church headed by the pope in Rome
- 15. Battle won by Frankish general Charles Martel which stopped the Muslim invasion of Europe
- 17. Land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service.
- 18. A high ranking member of the Roman Catholic clergy who was given control of a city or region
- 19. The second highest rank in the Roman Catholic Church; the clergy who elect the Pope.
- 21. A member of the nobility who rules a portion of land under a feudal system
- 22. A noble who pledges military service to a lord in exchange for land under a feudal system.
- 23. A Frankish general who stopped the Muslim invasion of Europe after winning the Battle of Tours.
- 25. Battle won by Frankish lord William the Conqueror in 1066 AD for control of England
- 26. The leader of the Roman Catholic Church; the bishop of Rome
Down
- 1. The economic and political system of medieval Europe in which people exchanges loyalty and labor for a lord’s protection.
- 3. A tribe of Germanic barbarians who converted to Christianity, developed feudalism, and established an empire in Western Europe during the Dark Ages.
- 5. Frankish Lord of Normandy who invaded England, brought feudalism there, and became its first King in 1066AD
- 6. a person trained to write or copy documents by hand
- 8. a mounted professional warrior of the nobility in feudal Europe who served a feudal lord
- 9. Someone who tries to convert others to believe in a particular religion; many were sent by the Pope to convert barbarians in Western Europe to Christianity.
- 10. A peasant who could not leave the lord’s land on which he or she was born and worked.
- 11. A system of a government where a king attempts to control the lands of the realm through agreements with vassal lords.
- 12. A Frankish king who converted to Christianity along with his people.
- 14. A place where a community of monks live; Catholic monasteries provided community services during the medieval period in Europe
- 16. The leader of the Franks from 768 to 814 CE, who unified most of the Christian lands of Europe into a single Empire.
- 20. a self-sustaining community ruled by a lord in the feudal system; an agrarian economic unit
- 24. Nomadic horsemen from Asia who attacked settlements in Western Europe from the East.