Across
- 3. the solid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle. It includes rocks, minerals, and soil that make up the Earth's landforms, such as mountains, valleys, and plains.
- 6. Rainforest - area with the most biodiversity
- 7. the hemisphere experiencing it is tilted away from the Sun.
- 8. _____ region - is based on people’s perceptions, feelings, or attitudes about a place, rather than formal boundaries.
- 12. variety of plants, animals, and other organisms.
- 13. refers to the plant life or plant community found in a particular area or region, influenced by the climate.
- 15. ______ erosion - Rainfall, rivers, and ocean waves can wear away soil, rock, and sediment over time. Rivers and streams cut through rock, forming valleys and canyons. (grand canyon)
- 17. The biosphere consists of all living organisms on Earth, including plants, animals, microorganisms, and humans.
- 19. the interconnected nature of present day politics, economics, and social issues around the world
- 22. _____ factors - are negative aspects or conditions that drive people away from their home country or region. These factors can compel individuals to leave in search of better opportunities or living conditions.
- 24. the process by which fertile land becomes increasingly arid and unproductive, ultimately transforming into desert-like conditions.
- 28. caused by shifting of plates in the lithosphere
- 30. ________ effect - a dry area on the leeward side of a mountain range that receives significantly less precipitation than the windward side.
- 32. refers to the beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and traditions shared by a group of people.
- 33. ____ forces - movements cause a change in the earth’s crust
- 35. _____ erosion - can erode the landscape by carrying away loose particles of soil, sand, and rock.
- 36. large geographical areas characterized by specific climate conditions, plant life, and animal species
- 38. created by tectonic plates converging
- 40. building processes - the breaking down of rocks into smaller particles
Down
- 1. refers to the long-term average of weather patterns in a specific region. determines plant growth
- 2. refers to the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state. It makes and enforces laws, manages public policy, and oversees the administration of services and resources.
- 4. _____ of living - to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class or geographic area.
- 5. _____ region - are made up of different places that are linked together and function as a unit.
- 9. ____ erosion - Glaciers are massive ice formations that move slowly over land. As they advance, they erode the landscape by scraping and plucking rocks and sediment. This process can create U-shaped valleys, fjords.
- 10. El ____ - climate phenomenon characterized by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean.
- 11. created by one tectonic plate moving under another plate
- 14. a series of large ocean waves generated by a sudden and significant disturbance in or near a body of water. The cause can be an earthquake.
- 16. weathered bits of rock are moved elsewhere by weather, wind, or ice.
- 18. Earth's ____ at 23 degrees; reason for the seasons
- 20. is the layer of gasses that surrounds the Earth, extending from the surface to outer space.
- 21. all of Earth's water, including oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, glaciers, groundwater, and water vapor in the atmosphere.
- 23. created by rivers emptying water and sediment into another body of water
- 25. _____ region - an area defined by one or more shared characteristics, such as political boundaries, climate, language, or economic activity.
- 26. the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growth of crops and vegetation, especially in areas where rainfall is insufficient or irregular.
- 27. this changes day to day due to temperature and precipitation
- 29. _____ development index - statistical data used to measure and compare the overall development and well-being of countries like health, education, and standard of living.
- 31. created by underwater volcanoes erupting
- 34. an extended period of abnormally low precipitation that results in a water shortage. Can cause desertification, loss of crops, and wildfires.
- 37. the hemisphere experiencing it is tilted towards the Sun.
- 39. _____ factors - positive aspects or conditions that attract people to a new country or region. These factors can create a desire for individuals to move and seek better opportunities.