Across
- 4. tree – A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms.
- 6. – Vascular tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
- 10. species – A species likely to become endangered in the near future.
- 11. – Another name for a phylogenetic tree.
- 17. – The sticky, pollen‑receiving top of the style.
- 19. – The stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary.
- 20. – A reproductive cell that can grow into a new organism without fertilization.
- 21. sugar – A sugar that cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrate units.
- 25. – The theory that life came from nonliving things.
- 28. – A root‑like structure of nonvascular plants used for anchoring and absorbing water.
- 29. cambium – A meristem located outside the phloem that produces cork tissue and is responsible for secondary growth in stems.
- 30. – The stage of a plant that develops from a spore and produces gametes (egg and sperm).
- 31. – Plants that have male and female flowers on separate plants.
- 34. – The modern classification system used to organize organisms.
- 37. soup – A mixture of gases and water thought to have existed in Earth’s early oceans.
- 38. species – A non‑native species introduced naturally or by human activity.
- 40. reclamation – The process of restoring mined land to a natural or usable state.
- 41. – The female part of a flower that includes the stigma, style, and ovary.
- 42. – The leaf of a fern.
- 43. – A plant’s movement or growth in response to a stimulus.
- 44. – A male (sperm) or female (egg) reproductive cell.
- 46. of design – The idea that an intelligent creator designed a flexible general plan that could be adapted for different animals.
- 47. logging – Using forests for wood while protecting the ecosystem.
- 50. tissue – Plant tissue made of xylem and phloem that transports water, minerals, and food.
- 51. – A plant that has both male and female flowers on the same plant.
- 52. plowing – An agricultural practice of plowing along the natural contours of the land to reduce soil erosion.
- 53. pollution – Pollution that comes from a single identifiable source.
- 55. structures – Structures that are similar in construction but have different functions, such as a human hand, whale flipper, and bat wing.
- 63. structures – Structures with little or no apparent function that are considered remnants from the past.
- 67. – When all members of a species have died out.
- 71. – A cone‑bearing plant with needle‑like or scale‑like leaves.
- 72. of generations – A two‑phased reproductive process in plants in which the plant alternates between a spore‑producing plant (sporophyte) and a gamete‑producing plant (gametophyte).
- 74. farm – A farm that uses only natural substances for fertilizing crops and controlling pests.
- 76. – A plant that has both perfect and imperfect flowers.
- 77. – Small changes in a species over time.
- 79. (CFC) – A chemical once used in aerosol sprays, packing materials, and refrigerants that contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer.
- 80. – The loss of water from plant leaves through stomata.
- 81. – A vascular plant that produces seeds in the ovaries of flowers.
- 82. selection – The process of selecting plants or animals with desirable characteristics to become parents of the next generation so the traits continue in offspring.
- 83. pollution – Pollution that is difficult to trace to a single source.
- 84. interventionism – The concept that acknowledges God’s intervention at certain times in history.
Down
- 1. – An underground horizontal stem that contains vascular tissue.
- 2. of species – The idea that plants and animals never change.
- 3. analysis – The process of grouping organisms based on shared characteristics.
- 5. – A plant’s growth response to gravity.
- 7. resource – A natural resource used to make other products.
- 8. – The theory that life began somewhere else in the universe.
- 9. selection – The process in which organisms better adapted to their environment survive and produce more offspring.
- 12. – A cell formed when an egg and sperm unite.
- 13. – The movement of a plant as it follows the sun throughout the day; also called solar tracking.
- 14. system – The plant system that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.
- 15. – Tiny openings in leaves that allow gases to enter and exit.
- 16. – Vascular tissue that transports food made by the plant to all its cells.
- 18. species – An exotic species that harms the environment.
- 19. farming – An agricultural practice of planting alternating rows of crops to reduce soil erosion.
- 22. – A plant’s growth response to light.
- 23. – A large food‑storage area in a seed that functions as the first “seed leaf” of a plant embryo.
- 24. – A vascular plant that produces seeds not enclosed in fruit.
- 26. – The expansion of urban areas into rural areas.
- 27. – The theory that God created the universe and all life.
- 32. – Structures that produce spores.
- 33. – A plant that drops its leaves in the fall.
- 35. – A sudden change that occurs when a gene is altered, damaged, or lost.
- 36. sprawl – The spread of cities into surrounding rural areas.
- 39. design – The theory that certain features of the universe and living things are best explained by an intelligent cause.
- 45. resource – A source of energy that is used to produce other types of energy.
- 46. rotation – The practice of planting different crops in the same field over time to improve soil quality.
- 48. – A plant that keeps its leaves year‑round.
- 49. – Beginnings.
- 54. – A yellow‑brown haze formed when sunlight reacts with pollutants from burning fossil fuels.
- 56. – Reproductive structures found on the underside of fern fronds.
- 57. species – Species that naturally live in an environment.
- 58. – The theory that all present life forms descended from a simple one‑celled organism; macroevolution has not been shown to take place.
- 59. – Another name for the process of phylogenetic analysis.
- 60. farming – A farming technique in which crops are grown without plowing the soil.
- 61. plant – A plant that lacks vascular tissue and absorbs water and nutrients directly through its cells.
- 62. generation – The disproven theory that life can arise from nonliving material.
- 64. cambium – A stem layer that produces new xylem and phloem cells.
- 65. – The idea that life is widespread throughout the universe.
- 66. – The spore‑producing stage of a plant’s life cycle.
- 68. – A plant’s growth response to touch.
- 69. – The selection of the cladogram that requires the fewest evolutionary changes.
- 70. – The male part of a flower.
- 73. – A growth region of a plant.
- 75. – The structure at the end of the stamen that produces spores that develop into pollen.
- 78. – One of the three female flower structures; the place where eggs form.