Across
- 2. Connections and attachments to people and institutions in mainstream society.
- 6. Theory that the inequality in a society, not just the presence of poverty, predicts how much crime and violence there will be.
- 11. Ways societies try to influence members’ behavior to maintain social order.
- 12. A functionalist theory that describes five adaptations to strain: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion.
- 14. Number of homicides per 100,000 residents.
- 15. When a deviant subculture’s nearness and norms encourage and allow delinquency.
- 16. Stress that results from a mismatch between goals and means.
- 18. Written laws that govern behavior in a particular jurisdiction.
- 19. Theory that claims deviance arises from a weakening of social connections.
- 20. Act that violates the penal code.
- 21. Violent crimes and property crimes that are more common in public spaces and often involve the police.
- 22. Overheated, short-lived periods of intense social concern about an issue. ᇟ
- 26. Behaviors that violate social norms.
- 28. Theory that deviance is created through reactions to an act.
- 30. Set of shared values, beliefs, and understandings about how the world should be.
- 33. A social movement focused on ending police violence against Black people and working against racial injustice generally.
- 36. The idea that the United States has a unique heritage in which settlers had to resort to violence to protect their property and themselves, creating a longstanding norm of violent behavior.
- 38. Functionalist theory that says delinquency is a function of opportunity and access to delinquent behavior.
- 39. Set of beliefs, values, and assumptions we use to view and understand the world.
- 40. Study of crime and criminal behavior.
Down
- 1. Theft that doesn’t involve the use of direct physical force.
- 3. Strategy to reduce crime through the design of buildings and physical space.
- 4. Group of people linked together in a specific way.
- 5. Theory that deviance is learned through intimate personal contacts.
- 7. Theory of policing that argues that small signs of disorder lead to outbreaks of more serious crimes.
- 8. The expansion of imprisonment to the highest level in the world or in U.S. history.
- 9. Norms about customs, traditions, and etiquette.
- 10. Theories that focus on potential social purposes that deviance serves.
- 11. Degree to which we identify with and maintain social rules and connections.
- 13. Crimes like fraud, embezzlement, and other unethical acts or business practices that are typically not carried out on the street or in public spaces and don’t use physical force.
- 17. Theories that ask about how rules and norms are shaped by power relations in society.
- 23. People who try to influence societies toward increased awareness of and concern over the violation of social norms.
- 24. A person who violates the penal code.
- 25. A feeling of falling behind while other people do better and better. Merton argued that this feeling creates strain, leading to crime.
- 27. Asocial lack of morals and expectations for behavior that can lead to deviance.
- 29. More seriously protected norms that reflect the morals and values of a social group.
- 31. Accepted and expected behavior.
- 32. Crimes like homicide, robbery, assault, and sexual assault, which involve the use of physical force.
- 34. Most seriously protected norms; formal (usually written) and enforced by the government.
- 35. Type of domination in which the powerful obtain the consent or support of the subordinated
- 37. A phenomenon in which a person is discredited and/or rejected by society because of an attribute they have.