DNA 2023

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Across
  1. 2. section of DNA that contains all of the code to begin transcription , regulate transcription , and build a protein , includes a promotor regulatory gene , and structural gene
  2. 4. mutation that involves a substitution of only one nucleotide
  3. 5. set of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that binds to a complementary mRNA codon during translation.
  4. 7. A virus that infects bacteria
  5. 9. form of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis .
  6. 12. theory that states that , in cells , information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins .
  7. 13. nucleic acid molecule that allows for the transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis .
  8. 15. form of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm , where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.
  9. 17. section of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds , starting the transcription of mRNA .
  10. 19. process by which DNA is copied .
  11. 21. enzyme that makes bonds between nucleotides,forming an identical strand of DNA during replication
  12. 22. codon that signals to ribosomes to begin translation;codes for the first amino acid in a protein .
  13. 23. translation process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
  14. 25. segment of a gene that does not code for an amino acid .
  15. 26. monomer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group,a sugar,and a nitrogen - containing base .
Down
  1. 1. codon that signals to ribosomes to stop translation
  2. 3. RNA that is in the ribosome and guides the translation of mRNA into a protein ; also used as a molecular clock
  3. 6. rule that describes how nucleotides form bonds in DNA;adenine ( A ) always bonds with thymine ( T ),and guanine ( G ) always bonds with cytosine ( C ) .
  4. 8. agent that can induce or increase the frequency of mutation in organisms .
  5. 10. enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template .
  6. 11. model that compares the structure of a DNA molecule,in which two strands wind around one another ,to that of a twisted ladder
  7. 14. mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence .
  8. 16. sequence of DNA that codes information for protein synthesis
  9. 18. sequence of three nucleotides that codes for one amino acid
  10. 20. process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA to form a complementary strand of mRNA .
  11. 24. change in the DNA sequence