Across
- 1. Compromise** – Agreement at the Constitutional Convention creating a bicameral legislature with representation by population in the House and equal representation in the Senate.
- 7. System** – Economic plan by Henry Clay promoting tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements.
- 9. Ordinance of 1785** – A law that set up a system for surveying and dividing western lands into townships for sale and settlement.
- 14. Rebellion** – An armed uprising of farmers in Massachusetts protesting economic injustices and weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation.
- 15. Brown’s Raid** – Attempt by abolitionist John Brown to start a slave revolt by seizing a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry.
- 18. of 1877** – Agreement ending Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South.
- 19. Act** – Law allowing popular sovereignty to decide slavery in new territories, leading to violence (“Bleeding Kansas”).
- 20. Ordinance of 1787** – Legislation that established a process for admitting new states from the Northwest Territory and banned slavery there.
- 21. Movement** – Campaign to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption.
- 23. Sovereignty** – Principle that the people of a territory should decide on issues like slavery.
- 24. Act** – Law passed under John Adams that restricted speech critical of the government.
- 26. – Age of Jackson**
- 31. Amendment** – Guaranteed voting rights regardless of race.
- 32. Proclamation** – Executive order by Lincoln freeing slaves in Confederate states.
- 35. of Confederation** – The first constitution of the United States, which created a weak central government and strong state governments.
- 36. – Supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong central government.
- 38. Destiny** – Belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across the continent.
- 39. Reconstruction** – Lenient plan by Lincoln and Johnson to quickly restore Southern states to the Union.
- 40. Purchase** – Land acquisition by Thomas Jefferson that doubled the size of the U.S.
- 41. Corpus** – Legal principle requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge.
- 42. v. Sanford (Dred Scott Case)** – Supreme Court decision ruling that African Americans were not citizens and Congress could not ban slavery in territories.
- 43. – Civil War**
- 45. Annexation** – Incorporation of Texas into the United States, contributing to tensions with Mexico.
- 46. Klux Klan** – White supremacist group using violence to oppose Reconstruction and civil rights.
Down
- 1. Great Awakening** – Religious revival movement that inspired social reforms like temperance and women’s rights.
- 2. – An action or decision that serves as an example for future situations.
- 3. Democracy** – Political movement toward greater democracy for the common man during Andrew Jackson’s presidency.
- 4. – Adoption and Implementation of the U.S. Constitution**
- 5. Compromise** – Agreement allowing Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining balance in Congress.
- 6. Address** – Lincoln’s speech emphasizing national unity and equality.
- 8. Reconstruction** – Stricter plan led by Radical Republicans to protect rights of freedmen.
- 10. Crisis** – Conflict between South Carolina and the federal government over tariffs and states’ rights.
- 11. Codes** – Laws passed in the South to restrict the rights of African Americans.
- 12. Federalist Papers** – A series of essays written to promote ratification of the Constitution.
- 13. – Loyalty to a region rather than the nation as a whole.
- 16. Amendment** – Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.
- 17. of 1850** – Series of laws addressing slavery and territorial expansion, including the Fugitive Slave Act.
- 19. – Movement to end slavery in the United States.
- 22. – Opponents of the Constitution who feared a strong central government and demanded a Bill of Rights.
- 25. Amendment** – Abolished slavery.
- 27. Suffrage** – The extension of voting rights to more people, particularly non-property-owning white men.
- 28. Compromise** – Agreement that three-fifths of enslaved people would count toward a state’s population for representation and taxation.
- 29. Bureau** – Agency providing aid to former slaves and poor whites after the Civil War.
- 30. Removal Act** – Law that forced Native American tribes to relocate west of the Mississippi River.
- 33. War** – Conflict between the U.S. and Mexico resulting in U.S. acquisition of southwestern territories.
- 34. Doctrine** – Policy declaring the Americas off-limits to European colonization.
- 36. War** – Military strategy targeting not only enemy forces but also resources and civilian infrastructure.
- 37. of Rights** – The first ten amendments to the Constitution guaranteeing individual liberties.
- 39. of 1812** – Conflict between the U.S. and Britain over trade restrictions and impressment of sailors.
- 41. – Slavery, Sectionalism, and Westward Expansion**
- 42. – Challenges of the First Five Presidents**
- 44. Government** – Principle that government power is restricted by law, usually through a constitution.