Downing Ch 12 & 13

3. areas of questioning
4. the entire aggregation of cases in which a researcher is interested
6. a scale consisting of several declarative items that express a viewpoint on a topic (2 words)
7. elements are selected by nonrandom methods (2 words)
10. differences between population values and sample values (2 words)
11. random selection of elements (2 words)
12. early sample members are asked to refer other people who meet eligibility criteria (2 words)
13. specifies in advance how participants are to be selected and how many to include (2 words)
16. the aggregate of cases about which the researcher would like to generalize (2 words)
18. questions that allow people to respond in their own words, in narrative fashion (2 words)
19. people who disagree with statements regardless of content
20. includes several questions with the same response format

1. the systematic over-representation or under-representation of a population segment on a characteristic relevant to a research question (2 words)
2. the researcher identifies population strata and determines how many participants are needed from each stratum (2 words)
5. people who have been found to agree with statements regardless of content
8. the aggregate of cases that conform to designated criteria and that are accessible for a study (2 words)
9. attempting to elicit more useful information than respondents volunteered during initial reply
14. the tendency of observers to be influenced by one characteristic in judging other, unrelated characteristics (2 words)
15. brief case reports or descriptions of events to which respondents are asked to react
17. either a unit of behavior or a time interval