Dr. Najeeb - DNA Structure

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Across
  1. 5. In deoxyribose, carbon atom no. ___ carries a hydrogen atom instead of a hydroxyl group
  2. 6. form of DNA: Right-Hand twist, most abundant form, 10 base pairs per 360 degrees perpendicular to the central axis
  3. 7. the characteristic of the nitrogenous bases in water
  4. 11. A
  5. 12. number of AT hydrogen bonds
  6. 13. the characteristic of the sugar-phosphate backbone in water
  7. 14. a bond between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5' carbon atom of another, deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA
  8. 15. major and minor ___, structural features of the molecule. They arise from the antiparallel arrangement of the two backbone strands
  9. 18. cytosine is attached to a ribose ring via a β-N₁-glycosidic bond
  10. 21. polynucleotide chains coil around each other to form a
  11. 24. thymine attached to a ribose ring via a β-N₁-glycosidic bond
  12. 26. number of hydrogen bonds between GC
  13. 27. since the 3’ and 5’ ends of the two polynucleotide chains are oriented in opposite directions, DNA is said to be ___
  14. 31. DNA is composed of two ___ chains
  15. 32. The process of breaking double-stranded DNA into single strands is known as
  16. 34. ___ rich, areas of the DNA strand which denature more readily
  17. 35. an enzyme capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides of nucleic acids
  18. 36. a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms
  19. 37. Spontaneous realignment of two single DNA strands to re-form a DNA double helix
  20. 38. a normal monosaccharide with one oxygen atom bonded to each carbon atom
  21. 39. in a nucleotide, the phosphate group is attached to carbon no. ___ of the deoxyribose
  22. 40. Temperature of ___ (Tm) is defined as the temperature at which 50% of double stranded DNA is changed to single-standard DNA
  23. 41. are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group
Down
  1. 1. C
  2. 2. number of hydrogen bonds between AT
  3. 3. two-carbon nitrogen ring bases (adenine and guanine)
  4. 4. DNA
  5. 8. a chemotherapy medication which occupies the minor groove of the DNA helix, used to treat a number of types of cancer
  6. 9. guanine attached to a ribose ring via a β-N₉-glycosidic bond
  7. 10. the two polynucleotide chains of DNA are ___ to each other
  8. 11. form of DNA: dehydrated Right-Hand twist, 11 base pairs per 360 degrees 10 to 15 degrees towards central axis
  9. 16. enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond WITHIN a polynucleotide chain
  10. 17. form of DNA: Lefy-Hand twist, 12 base pairs per 360 degrees
  11. 19. adenine attached to a ribose via a β-N9-glycosidic bond
  12. 20. one-carbon nitrogen ring bases (thymine, Uracil and cytosine)
  13. 22. oxyanion released during the formation of the phosphodiester between nucleotides
  14. 23. number of GC Hydrogen bonds
  15. 25. G
  16. 28. T
  17. 29. enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the END of a polynucleotide chain
  18. 30. nucleases cleave the phosphodiester bond via a ___ reaction
  19. 33. charge of the phosphate molecule