Dynamic Earth: Module 10

2. Wegener's hypothesis that all continents were once connected in a single large landmass that broke apart about 200 million years ago and drifted slowly to their current positions.
5. a deep, underwater trough created by one plate subducting under another plate at a convergent plate boundary.
7. the boundary between two plates that slide past each other.
9. a crack or fracture in Earth's lithosphere along which movement occurs.
11. rapid, downhill movement of soil, loose rocks, and boulders.
12. molten rock stored below Earth's surface.
16. name given to a supercontinent that began to break apart approximately 200 million years ago.
17. the process that occurs when one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate.
20. a curved line of volcanoes that forms parallel to a plate boundary.

1. the boundary between two plates that move away from each other.
3. a round depression formed on the surface of a planet, moon, or other space object by the impact of a meteorite.
4. a vent in Earth's crust through which molten rock flows.
6. theory that Earth's surface is broken into large, rigid pieces that move with respect to each other.
8. an area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault.
10. the process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge.
13. the boundary between two plates that move towards each other.
14. vibrations caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or crack in Earth's crust.
15. a wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water.
18. long, narrow mountain range on the ocean floor; formed by magma at divergent plate boundaries.
19. magma that erupts onto Earth's surface.