Dynamic Earth: Module 10

2. Wegener's hypothesis that all continents were once connected in a single large landmass that broke apart about 200 million years ago and drifted slowly to their current positions.
5. name given to a supercontinent that began to break apart approximately 200 million years ago.
6. magma that erupts onto Earth's surface.
8. a deep, underwater trough created by one plate subducting under another plate at a convergent plate boundary.
9. a crack or fracture in Earth's lithosphere along which movement occurs.
11. vibrations caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or crack in Earth's crust.
13. a vent in Earth's crust through which molten rock flows.
14. the boundary between two plates that slide past each other.
16. the process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge.
18. a wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water.
19. a round depression formed on the surface of a planet, moon, or other space object by the impact of a meteorite.
20. rapid, downhill movement of soil, loose rocks, and boulders.

1. long, narrow mountain range on the ocean floor; formed by magma at divergent plate boundaries.
3. the boundary between two plates that move away from each other.
4. molten rock stored below Earth's surface.
7. a curved line of volcanoes that forms parallel to a plate boundary.
10. an area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault.
12. the process that occurs when one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate.
15. theory that Earth's surface is broken into large, rigid pieces that move with respect to each other.
17. the boundary between two plates that move towards each other.