Across
- 1. Opening, or rupture, in a planet’s surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface
- 4. Study of the waters of the earth
- 7. Crack in the earth’s crust along which movement has occurred
- 10. Involves the disintegration of rock mineral to the chemical and/or physical agents of an organism
- 12. Occurs when a rock is broken down by chemical action resulting in a change in the composition of a rock.
- 14. Study of climates
- 16. Third planet from the Sun, fifth in mass and diameter, greatest density of all the planets
- 17. The breakdown and alteration of rock minerals at or near the Earth’s surface
- 18. Earth revolves around the Sun once every 365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes, 9.54 seconds in a slightly elliptical orbit
- 20. Sudden movement of the earth caused by the abrupt strain that has accumulated over a long period of time
- 22. Occurs when rocks in plastic slate are subjected to compressive stress and deformation
- 23. The Earth rotates on its axis every 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4.09 seconds in an eastward direction
- 24. Happens to steep hillsides, occurring along distinct fracture zones, often within materials like clay that, once released, may move quite rapidly downhill.
- 27. Science of map making
- 28. Debris in the basal ice scrapes along the bed, polishing and gouging the underlying rocks, similar to sandpaper on wood
- 29. Breaks in the rock mass with no relative movement of the rock on opposite sides of the break
- 31. The layer of air covering the Earth
- 33. Slow wobble of the Earth’s axis, it takes 26, 000years to complete one turn or wobble of the Earth’s axis
- 35. All the waters of the Earth, including rivers, creeks, oceans, seas and others
- 37. Study of earth, materials and processes
- 38. The illuminated side of the moon is increasing which is less than half of the observable portion of the moon
- 40. Weathering reaction that occurs when two surfaces of water and compounds meet.
Down
- 2. Caused by waves launching sea load at the cliff.
- 3. Takes place when air in a joint is suddenly compressed by a wave closing the entrance of the joint.
- 5. Weathering
- 6. Body of knowledge employing the scientific method
- 8. Breakdown of mineral or rock material by entirely mechanical methods
- 9. Sphere encompassing all living organisms
- 11. Angle of inclination of one limb is greater than the other
- 13. Between 0.3 AU and 3.5 AU, the Sun’s temperatures are low enough for rocks and metals to condense as solids but too high enough for hydrogen compounds
- 15. Reaction that occurs between compounds and oxygen
- 19. Study of the Earth’s atmosphere
- 20. Zero-degree line of latitude that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
- 21. Refers to the transportation of rock, soil, and mineral particles from one location to another
- 25. Also "lithosphere," the solid sphere of the earth
- 26. Earth’s nearest neighbor
- 30. Geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface
- 32. These are representations of the Earth's surface or parts of it.
- 34. The slow movement of soil and rock debris by gravity which is usually not perceptible except through extended observation
- 36. Hanging wall moves down with respect to the footwall(forms due to tensional stress)
- 39. Three-dimensional, spherical model of the Earth or another celestial body. It provides a scaled and accurate representation of geographic features and spatial relationships