Earth Science II Astronomy Intro

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Across
  1. 4. The totality of all space, time, matter an energy.
  2. 6. One of the four giant outer planets of the solar system which resemble Jupiter in overall physical and chemical properties.
  3. 7. The distance that light, moving at a constant speed of 300,000 km/s, travels in one year.
  4. 10. Combining two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, usually releasing energy in the process.
  5. 12. Any star with a radius comparable to, or smaller than, that of the Sun (including the Sun itself).
  6. 15. The four innermost planets of the solar system, resembling Earth in general physical and chemical properties.
  7. 16. Model of the solar system centered on the Sun with Earth and the other planets orbiting it.
  8. 17. A star that suddenly increases in brightness, often by a factor of as much as 10,000, then slowly fades back to its original luminosity.
  9. 18. X-ray source that radiates thousands of times more energy than the Sun in bursts that last only a few seconds.
  10. 21. The tenuous outer atmosphere of the Sun which lies just above the chromosphere.
  11. 22. A post-main sequence massive star near the end of its life and about to explode as a supernova.
  12. 25. A region in the plane of the solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune where most short period comets are thought to originate.
Down
  1. 1. One of thousands of very small members of the solar system between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars.
  2. 2. The attractive effect that any massive object has on all other massive objects.
  3. 3. The spiral galaxy in which the Sun resides.
  4. 5. A group of anywhere from a few dozen to a few million stars that formed at the same time from the same cloud of interstellar gas.
  5. 8. A layer of the Earth’s atmosphere above about 100 km, where the air is significantly ionized and conducts electricity.
  6. 9. The small range of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eyes can see.
  7. 11. Starlike radio source with an observed redshift that indicates an extremely large distance from Earth.
  8. 13. Spherical halo of material surrounding the solar system out to a distance of about 50,000 AU; the region of the solar system where most comets originate.
  9. 14. The region on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram where stars lie at the onset of nuclear burning in their cores.
  10. 19. Event that cosmologists consider the beginning of the universe in which all space, time, matter and radiation in the universe came into being.
  11. 20. A faint star with a sufficiently high surface temperature that appears white or blue-white in color.
  12. 23. The central protostar during the early stages of solar system formation.
  13. 24. Event during which one body passes in front of another and blocks the light from the occulted body.