Earths and systems

1. includes crust and upper mantle divided into plates
4. hot material rises cold material sinks drives tectonic plates
5. large rigid pieces of earths lithosphere that move and interact with each other along plate boundaries
7. the semi fluid layer of the mantle where convection happens
8. name of ancient supercontinent when it was all one land mass
10. rocks formed from magma or lava cools down
11. forms from weathering and erosion when sediments compact and cement
13. tectonic plates move toward each other usually forming volcanoes and mountains
15. a group of the same species living in the same area
16. where tectonic plates slide past each other causing earthquakes
17. deep elongated depressions in the ocean often associated with subduction zones
18. formed as a result of high temperature and pressure deep within earth changing a rock that already existed
19. located between mantle and outer core
20. instruments used to measure and record seismic waves

2. sudden events that lead to a mass extinction
3. new oceanic crust is formed as tectonic plates move apart and magma rises
6. extinction that happens over a longer time period
9. tectonic plates move away from each other which usually forms new crust and rift valleys
12. fractures or zones of weakness in the earths crust
14. formed at plate boundaries where plates collide