Earth's Interior and Plate Tectonics

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Across
  1. 5. Rising columns of hot mantle rock.
  2. 8. The vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy within the lithosphere.
  3. 10. Where two plates grind past each other.Lithosphere is neither created nor destroyed.
  4. 12. thin, rocky outer layer of Earth.
  5. 17. The central valley of a mid-ocean ridge resembling a long canyon.
  6. 19. The continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent.
  7. 20. Theory of Earth’s lithospheric plates move slowly relative to each other, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
  8. 21. New ocean floor forms along Earth’s mid-ocean ridges and slowly moves outward across ocean basins.
  9. 23. A soft, weak layer beneath the lithosphere.
  10. 26. The continuous circular flow that occurs in a fluid because of differences in density.
  11. 27. solid innermost layer of the Earth.
  12. 28. A cool, rigid shell consisting of Earth’s outermost layers of crust and uppermost mantle.
  13. 29. Where two plates move together. Lithosphere can be destroyed.
Down
  1. 1. Rocks that acquire the polarity of Earth’s magnetic field at that time.
  2. 2. Range of volcanic mountains within a continent produced in part by the subduction of oceanic lithosphere.
  3. 3. Ocean floor returns to the mantle as it sinks beneath a deep ocean trench.
  4. 4. liquid layer beneath the mantle containing liquid iron and generating Earth’s magnetic field.
  5. 6. Long, steep valleys along the ocean floor.
  6. 7. Fractures in Earth where movement has occurred.
  7. 9. An arc-shaped chain of small volcanic islands.
  8. 11. solid, rocky shell beneath the crust that extend to a depth of 2890 kilometers.
  9. 13. Gravity pulls dense oceanic lithosphere down into the deep mantle.
  10. 14. Where two of Earth’s plates move apart. Oceanic lithosphere is created here.
  11. 15. Lithosphere is broken into several huge pieces.
  12. 16. A system that uses sound waves to calculate the distance of an object.
  13. 18. the boundary that separates the crust from the underlying mantle.
  14. 22. The oceanic lithosphere slides down the asthenosphere that is elevated near mid-ocean ridges.
  15. 24. A supercontinent meaning “all land”.
  16. 25. A long chain of mountains extending throughout all the oceans. The longest feature on Earth’s surface.