Earths Systems Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 1. below the lithosphere. hotter and more fluid part of the mantle.
  2. 3. Forms under extreme heat and pressure. Appears twisted
  3. 5. A tool that measures/records details of earthquakes
  4. 7. petroeum,natural gas, coal. Made from remains of plants & animals.
  5. 8. When heat, pressure, cooling, melting, and weathering cause rocks to change from one type to another over time.
  6. 9. the lower part of earths mantle, below the asthenosphere
  7. 10. Group of animals that occupy a certain area
  8. 11. moves side to side though ONLY solids. travels slower than Pwaves
  9. 12. Compress or squeeze through solids and liquid. Travel faster than S waves
  10. 13. When magma flows through a crack in the middle of a tectonic plate, and not a plate boundary. Hawaiin islands were formed this way.
  11. 17. The layer that lies between earth's crust and core. The majority of earth's mass is in this layer
  12. 20. Still in existence, surviving species
  13. 21. the study of earthquakes and related phenomena
  14. 24. Boundary where tectonic plates divide
  15. 26. the solid, outermost layer of the earth, lying above the mantle.
  16. 27. The study of Earth
  17. 28. when a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere creates seismic waves.
  18. 29. forms from pre-existing rock and fossils.appears layered
  19. 30. Forms at convergent boundaries where one plate subdducts under another, and magma underground is pushed upward.
Down
  1. 2. Large pieces of lithosphere that the ocean and continents rest on
  2. 4. Boundary where tectonic plates collide
  3. 5. Occurs when divergent plates separate. COnvection currents cause less dense material to rise. Creates new ocean floor.
  4. 6. the outer part of the earth. includes crust and upper mantle
  5. 14. Boundary where tectonic plates slide past eachother.
  6. 15. Forms when molten rock crystallizes and solidfies. Appears glassy.
  7. 16. The supercontinent that existed before continents separated
  8. 18. the innermost layer of earth. divided into 2 parts, liquid outer and solid inner. Made of iron and nickel
  9. 19. No longer existing
  10. 22. A solid inorganic material found in nature
  11. 23. water held under ground in the soil in deep reservoirs
  12. 25. the movement caused within a fluid when the hotter, less dense material rises, and colder, denser material sinks