Ecology

3. Organisms that primarily eat plants.
5. Organisms that primarily eat other animals.
6. A type of symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
9. A close and long-term interaction between two different species, which can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
11. A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
12. A type of symbiotic relationship where both species benefit.
16. Organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, that break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the ecosystem.
18. A large geographical biotic unit, a major community of plants and animals with similar life forms and environmental conditions.
19. Factors whose effects on the population change with population density (e.g., competition, predation).
20. Factors that affect populations regardless of their density (e.g., natural disasters).
23. Organisms that eat both plants and animals.

1. Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.
2. An environmental condition that restricts the growth, abundance, or distribution of an organism or a population.
4. Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume other organisms for energy.
7. The role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem, including its habitat, resource use, and interactions with other organisms.
8. The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely.
10. The global sum of all ecosystems; the zone of life on Earth.
13. A type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another.
14. A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area.
15. An assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area.
17. An interaction in which one organism (the predator) hunts and eats another organism (the prey).
21. The branch of biology that studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.
22. A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment.