Across
- 1. A model used to explain how enzymes and substrates interact.
- 4. The conversation of water is the cycling of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and infiltration in the environment.
- 6. Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
- 8. A type of membrane which allows certain particles to pass through, while other cannot.
- 9. A homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.
- 10. Series of metabolic processes for breaking down glucose to form energy.
- 15. Basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms.
- 17. Processes or organisms that require oxygen to function.
- 19. The movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell's partially permeable membrane.
- 20. Minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
- 22. Any chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its environment.
- 23. Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without using energy, relying on concentration gradients to move from high to low concentration.
- 25. Two solutions of equal concentrations of solutes and water separated by a semipermeable membrane to allow water to move freely in and out of a cell.
- 26. Sodium-potassium pump is a protein that moves sodium out and potassium into cells, maintaining balance and charge.
Down
- 2. Movement of a substance up its concentration gradient, using energy input from the cell and requiring membrane protein channels.
- 3. A dissolved substance.
- 5. A type of passive transport that uses specialized proteins, such as channel proteins and carrier proteins, to help molecules move across a cell membrane.
- 7. A chemical reaction that releases energy by light or heat.
- 11. The process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle.
- 12. A solution or a muscle, having greater tonicity or level of tension than the other.
- 13. The process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
- 14. The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration down the concentration gradient.
- 16. Induced fit is when an enzyme changes shape to fit a substrate better during their interaction.
- 18. “Not requiring oxygen”
- 21. the process of adding a catalyst to facilitate a reaction.
- 24. Protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
- 27. The source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level.