Across
- 1. a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment.
- 3. the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems.
- 7. an important heat-trapping gas, or greenhouse gas, that comes from the extraction and burning of fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas), from wildfires, and from natural processes like volcanic eruptions.
- 9. the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell's partially permeable membrane.
- 12. occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop.
- 14. a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms, being taken up by animals, which convert it to carbon dioxide; plants, in turn, utilize carbon dioxide as a source of carbon and return the oxygen to the atmosphere.
- 15. the net movement of anything generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
- 16. the biogeochemical cycle that describes the transformation and translocation of phosphorus in soil, water, and living and dead organic material.
- 17. the movement of substances across a cell membrane down their concentration gradients, which does not require energy.
- 19. long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns
- 20. the process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane through the use of cellular energy.
Down
- 2. occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly than aerobic respiration.
- 4. denoting or relating to a solution having the same osmotic pressure as some other solution, especially one in a cell or a body fluid.
- 5. shows the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere.
- 6. the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
- 8. chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars).
- 10. having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
- 11. nature's way of reusing carbon atoms, which travel from the atmosphere into organisms in the Earth and then back into the atmosphere over and over again.
- 13. a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP
- 18. is the main sugar found in your blood.