Ecology

4. occurs when too many animals graze for too long and exceed the carrying capacity of a rangeland area.
5. the science or practice of planting, managing, and caring for forests.
7. is a thin spherical envelope of gases surrounding the earth’s surface.
9. is an endeavor to discover how nature works and to use that knowledge to make predictions about what is likely to happen in nature.
10. random changes in the structure or number of DNA molecules in a cell that can be inherited by offspring.
14. the process whereby earth’s life changes over time through changes in the genes of populations.
15. is an interaction that benefits one species but has little, if any, effect on the other.
17. new discoveries and new ideas can overthrow a well-accepted scientific theory or law
20. happen in fishing boats where their gigantic nets and incredibly long lines of hooks also catch nontarget species.
22. its ability to provide a stable supply of fish year after year in terms of area, its fishprint indicates whether the country’s fishing intensity is sustainable.
23. the movement of people into and out of specific geographic areas.
24. annual precipitation is low and often scattered unevenly throughout the year.
25. terrestrial (land) portion of the biosphere.

1. strongly swimming consumers such as fish, turtles, and whales.
2. the natural resources and natural services that keep us and other forms of life alive and support our economies.
3. occurs when a species is no longer found in an area it once inhabited but is still found elsewhere in the world.
6. occur mostly in the interiors of continents in areas too moist for deserts and too dry for forests.
8. the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.
11. is the ability of the earth’s various natural systems and human cultural systems and economies to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely.
12. consists of all of the water on or near the earth’s surface.
13. mineralized or petrified replicas of skeletons, bones, teeth, shells, leaves, and seeds, or impressions of such items found in rocks.
16. is an interaction that benefits both species by providing each with food, shelter, or some other resource.
18. are where rivers meet the sea.
19. is a set of organisms interacting with one another and with their environment of nonliving matter and energy within a defined area or volume.
21. a fear of many forms of wildlife.