Across
- 3. loss of electric potential energy as a current travels across a resistor, wire, or other component
- 4. unit of electrical resistance, 1Ω=1V/A
- 9. time rate of change of energy in an electric circuit
- 11. instrument that measures voltage
- 14. (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) device that is a very sensitive magnetometer, used to measure extremely subtle magnetic fields
- 15. when connected to a battery, a lightbulb glows brightly. if the battery is reversed and reconnected to the bulb, what happens to the brightness of the bulb?
- 20. nonohmic circuit device that allows current flow in only one direction
- 23. velocity of a charge as it moves nearly randomly through a conductor, experiencing multiple collisions, averaged over a length of a conductor, whose magnitude is the length of conductor traveled divided by the time it takes for the charges to travel the length
- 25. as a capacitor is being charged in an RC circuit, the current flowing through the resistor is _____
- 26. intrinsic property of a material, independent of its shape or size, directly proportional to the resistance, denoted by ρ
- 28. amount of resistance to the flow of current within the voltage source
- 30. instrument that measures current
- 32. does a battery produces charge? (true/false)
- 33. household outlets are often double outlets. these are connected in parallel? (true/false)
- 34. SI unit for current; 1A=1C/s
- 35. when a battery is connected to a lightbulb, current flows through the lightbulb and makes it glow. how much current flows through the battery compared with the lightbulb?
- 36. complete path that an electrical current travels along
- 37. sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of all currents leaving the junction
- 38. hazard in which an electric current passes through a person
- 40. is current used up in a resistor?
- 42. graphical representation of a circuit using standardized symbols for components and solid lines for the wire connecting the components
- 43. energy produced per unit charge, drawn from a source that produces an electrical current
- 44. flow of charge through a cross-sectional area divided by the area
- 45. measure of a material’s ability to conduct or transmit electricity
- 46. (refer to figure 1) - this type of circuit is a _____ circuit
Down
- 1. set of two rules governing current and changes in potential in an electric circuit
- 2. potential difference measured across the terminals of a source when there is no load attached
- 5. hazard in which an excessive electric current causes undesired thermal effects
- 6. junction of two pieces of superconducting material separated by a thin layer of insulating material, which can carry a supercurrent
- 7. type of a material for which Ohm’s law is not valid
- 8. the unit kilowatt-hour is a measure of _____
- 10. algebraic sum of changes in potential around any closed circuit path (loop) must be zero
- 12. temperature at which a material reaches superconductivity
- 13. phenomenon that occurs in a superconducting material where all magnetic fields are expelled
- 16. type of a material for which Ohm’s law is valid, that is, the voltage drop across the device is equal to the current times the resistance
- 17. difference in electric potential between two points in an electric circuit, measured in volts
- 18. can the terminal voltage of a battery ever exceed its emf?
- 19. rate at which charge flows, I=dQdt
- 21. empirical relation stating that the current I is proportional to the potential difference V; it is often written as V=IR, where R is the resistance
- 22. current that flows through a circuit from the positive terminal of a battery through the circuit to the negative terminal of the battery
- 24. electric property that impedes current; for ohmic materials, it is the ratio of voltage to current, R=V/I
- 27. phenomenon that occurs in some materials where the resistance goes to exactly zero and all magnetic fields are expelled, which occurs dramatically at some low critical temperature (TC)
- 29. (refer to figure 2) - this type of circuit is a _____ circuit
- 31. resistance of a combination of resistors; it can be thought of as the resistance of a single resistor that can replace a combination of resistors in a series and/or parallel circuit
- 39. wiring system used at present for safety reasons, with live, neutral, and ground wires
- 41. (refer to figure 3) - this type of circuit is called a _____ _____