Across
- 1. Lab value range of 22-26.
- 3. Chloride level caused by loss of fluid and hyponatremia.
- 4. A decreased number of hydrogen ions; a blood pH greater than 7.4.
- 6. Potassium levels affect the activity of myocardial (heart) potassium channels, leading to more rapid membrane depolarization.
- 7. An increased number of hydrogen ions; a blood pH of less than 7.4.
- 9. Chloride level caused by increased fluid and hypernatremia.
- 10. Sodium level causing osmotic pressure to increase and fluid is pulled out of cells into the intravascular space.
- 11. Caused by hypoventilation, pneumonia, COPD, opiods..
- 12. Caused by renal failure, shock, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), diarrhea.
- 14. Sodium level causing osmotic pressure in the intravascular compartment to fall, causing fluid to leave the intravascular space, entering the interstitial space and the cells.
- 15. Prolongs repolarization of cardiac muscles due to the loss of intracellular potassium.
- 18. Magnesium level with manifestations of hyporeflexia, lethargy, and muscle weakness.
Down
- 1. Magnesium level with manifestations of neuromuscular hyperirritability, tremors and tetany.
- 2. Calcium level with manifestations of apathy, lethargy, confusion, and delirium. Leaves bones weak and prone to fractures.
- 5. Caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, high fever.
- 8. Caused by vomiting, removal of gastric secretions from stomach, excessive antacids, hypokalemia, diuretics.
- 9. Skeletal muscle stimulation results from increased permeability and excitability of nerve membranes. This increased muscle activity results in muscle spasms.
- 13. Lab value range of 35-45.
- 16. Lab value range of 7.35-7.45.
- 17. Lab value range of 75-100.