Electrons in Atoms

4. Predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics and relates each particle's wavelength to its frequency, its mass, and Planck's constant.
5. Includes all forms of electromagneic radiation; the types of radiation differ in their frequencies and wavelength.
10. The minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
12. the major energy levels of an atom.
14. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom.
15. The height of a wave from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough.
17. The arrangement of electrons in an atom, which is prescribed by three rules--the aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
19. of the atom An atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves; also called the wave mechanical model of the atom.
21. The number of waves that pass a given point per second.
23. States that a maximum of two electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite spins.

1. A phenomenon in which photoelectrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface.
2. A three-dimensional region around the nucleus of an atom that describes an electron's probable location.
3. A form of energy exhibiting wavelike behavior as it travels through space; can be described by wavelength frequency, amplitude, and speed.
6. The electrons in an atom's outermost orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element.
7. Assigned by the quantum mechanical model to indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals.
8. Consisits of an element's symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons, that is surrounded by dots, representing the atom's valence electrons.
9. States that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals.
11. States that it is not possible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time.
13. The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave; is usually expressed in meters, centimeters, or nanometers.
16. The energy levels contained within a principle energy level.
18. A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy.
20. States that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.
22. The number assigned to each orbit of an electron.