Across
- 5. Major African export in regional and global trade networks.
- 6. Southern African kingdom with strong indigenous traditions.
- 7. Policy of limiting foreign contact and influence.
- 9. Forced transport of enslaved Africans to the Americas.
- 13. West African empire controlling trans-Saharan trade routes.
- 15. Songhai city and center of trade and Islamic scholarship.
- 16. Valued African export traded with Europe and Asia.
- 18. Caravan trade route exchanging gold, salt, and goods.
- 19. Powerful West African empire active in the Transatlantic Slave Trade.
- 21. Religion founded in Punjab that challenged Mughal authority.
- 22. East African trade network linking Africa, Arabia, and Asia.
- 23. Central African kingdom that adopted Christianity.
- 24. Muslim-ruled states in southern India before Mughal dominance.
Down
- 1. Branch of Christianity practiced in Ethiopia.
- 2. Coastal outposts in Africa and Asia for European trade.
- 3. Warrior class of feudal Japan.
- 4. Japanese military government enforcing a closed-country policy.
- 8. Manchu-led dynasty, China’s last imperial house.
- 10. Overland trade network connecting East Asia to the Mediterranean.
- 11. Chinese dynasty known for expansion, trade, and cultural achievements.
- 12. Belief system that attributes spiritual essence to natural objects.
- 14. Indian empire blending Islamic and Hindu traditions.
- 17. Islamic empire spanning Europe, Asia, and Africa, lasting into the 20th century.
- 20. Songhai ruler who promoted Islam and expanded the empire.
- 22. Military ruler of Japan with real political power.