Endocrine System Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 6. Amino-acid based hormone receptors are ______________, located on the surface of the cells' plasma membrane.
  2. 9. How well a hormone and its receptor "fit" into one another as they bind to determine how well it'll work (baseball glove and a baseball vs. baseball glove and a golf ball).
  3. 11. When two hormones combine to amplify their effects, they express a(n) ______________ relationship.
  4. 13. How quickly target cells respond.
  5. 14. Long-distance chemical messengers; travel through blood and lymph ("talking" to a large group of people).
  6. 17. Hormone release from organs stimulated by other hormones.
  7. 18. Hormone levels in the blood are controlled by ____________ ___________ mechanisms.
  8. 19. A cell's response to a its hormone depends on ________ levels in the blood, the amount of receptors on the target cell, and a receptor's binding affinity for the hormone.
  9. 20. ___________-based hormones typically have a shorter half-life.
  10. 21. Chemical messengers that affect only the cells that released them ("talking" to themselves)
  11. 22. Chemical messengers that affect nearby cells. ("talking" to your neighbor).
  12. 23. Up/Down regulation refers to the regulation of the amount of _________ on a target cell in response to hormone levels in the blood.
Down
  1. 1. One hormone can fully work only when another hormone is present and functional.
  2. 2. Cells that respond to hormones.
  3. 3. Changing blood levels of ions and nutrients directly stimulate secretion of hormones.
  4. 4. When two hormones' functions oppose each other, the express a(n) ____________ relationship.
  5. 5. The amount of time a hormone remains active in the blood.
  6. 7. AKA water-soluble, steroid-based, hydrophobic, non-polar.
  7. 8. How long a target cells stays stimulated refers to _____________ ___ ________.
  8. 10. Nerve fibers stimulate hormone release.
  9. 12. Steroid-based hormone receptors are ____________, meaning they are located within the target cell, near the nucleus.
  10. 15. _________-based hormones's half-lives are typically longer and require a water-soluble "coat" to pass through the cell membrane.
  11. 16. AKA lipid-INsoluble, amino acid-based, hydrophilic, polar.