Energy Systems

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Across
  1. 3. By product of anaerobic metabolism, produced when the body breaks down glucose for energy without oxygen.
  2. 4. Metabolism Utilizes amino acids for energy production, particularly during prolonged endurance activities or in times of carbohydrate depletion.
  3. 5. max Maximum rate of oxygen consumption during intense exercise, indicating aerobic capacity.
  4. 9. Triphosphate (ATP) Molecule storing and transferring energy within cells, crucial for various metabolic processes.
  5. 11. Measurement of heat release or absorption in chemical reactions, used to determine energy expenditure.
  6. 12. Rate Rate at which the body converts stored energy into usable energy for physiological processes.
  7. 14. System Immediate energy system relying on stored ATP and creatine phosphate for short bursts of energy.
  8. 16. System Energy production without oxygen, used for short bursts of high-intensity activity.
  9. 18. System Breaks down fats into fatty acids for energy production, predominantly during low to moderate intensity activities.
  10. 19. Threshold Intensity of exercise where anaerobic energy production begins to dominate, leading to lactate accumulation.
  11. 20. Metabolism Breaks down carbohydrates into glucose for energy, utilized across various energy systems.
  12. 21. Intermediate compound formed during the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, entering the Krebs cycle for ATP production.
  13. 22. Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids and glycerol, crucial during prolonged fasting or low-carb diets.
  14. 23. High-energy compound stored in muscles, rapidly converted to ATP during high-intensity exercise.
  15. 26. Respiration Process within cells where oxygen is used to produce ATP through the breakdown of glucose and fatty acids.
  16. 27. Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy for cellular processes.
  17. 28. Metabolic Rate (RMR) Energy expenditure at rest, necessary for maintaining basic bodily functions.
Down
  1. 1. Transport Chain Part of aerobic respiration where electrons from NADH and FADH2 are used to generate ATP.
  2. 2. Breakdown of glycogen into glucose, providing a rapid source of energy during high-intensity exercise.
  3. 4. System Immediate energy system utilizing stored ATP and phosphocreatine for quick, high-intensity efforts.
  4. 6. Phosphorylation ATP production directly from substrate molecules during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
  5. 7. System Utilizes glucose for energy production anaerobically, producing lactic acid as a byproduct.
  6. 8. System Energy production with oxygen, utilized for longer, endurance-based activities.
  7. 10. System Utilizes oxygen to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for energy over longer durations.
  8. 13. Cycle Also known as the citric acid cycle, it’s a series of chemical reactions within mitochondria that generate energy.
  9. 15. Addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, a key step in energy production and storage.
  10. 16. Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy input.
  11. 17. Oxidation Process of breaking down fatty acids to generate acetyl-CoA, feeding into the Krebs cycle for energy production.
  12. 24. Debt Oxygen required to restore metabolic balance after intense exercise, involving replenishment of ATP and removal of lactic acid.
  13. 25. Heat production by the body, often associated with metabolic processes.