Enlightenment

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  1. 2. (last name) French jurist and political philosopher; he explored democratic theories of government. He proposed a government divided into three branches and greatly influenced the United States Constitution
  2. 4. King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; made Prussia a major European power
  3. 7. one of the 18th-century European monarchs who was inspired by Enlightenment ideas to rule justly and respect the rights of subjects (enlightened ____)
  4. 8. a belief held by Enlightenment thinkers that truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking.
  5. 11. 18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society
  6. 13. Czarina of Russia from 1762 to 1796; ruling with absolute power, she introduced a number of reforms that extended Peter the Great’s policy of “westernization.”
  7. 15. French philosopher and author; he was a supporter of Deism, the idea that God was no longer involved with the universe after creating it. He also advocated a tolerant approach to religion.
  8. 17. (last name) English philosopher, scientist, and historian; he wrote about the crucial role of government in people's lives and used the term ""social contract."
  9. 18. a social gathering of intellectuals and artists,
  10. 20. a king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society.
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  1. 1. (last name) American statesman; third president of the United States; inspired by Enlightenment ideas when drafting the Declaration of Independence
  2. 3. one of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment.
  3. 5. the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government (social ____)
  4. 6. (last name) British writer who advocated for greater education opportunities for women and urged women to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine and politics.
  5. 9. the idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and therefore answer only to God (____ right)
  6. 10. relating to a grand, ornate style that characterized European painting, music, and architecture in the 1600s and early 1700s.
  7. 12. the rights human beings have by nature, such as life, liberty and property (_____ rights)
  8. 14. (last name) English philosopher and founder of British empiricism; he declared that people have a right to rebel against governments that do not protect their rights.
  9. 16. (last name) Swiss-French political philosopher; he valued the social contract and addressed the nature of man in his work On the Origin of Inequality.
  10. 19. relating to a simple, elegant style (based on ideas and themes from ancient Greece and Rome) that characterized the arts in Europe during the late 1700s.