Across
- 1. king of Prussia who was religiously tolerant of all, and who modernized the law codes of Prussia and accepted Voltaire's work
- 5. thought the Social Contract should give more free will to individuals, society must put the general will of the community above selfish interests
- 9. advocate for separation of powers to prevent one branch of gov't from gaining too much power
- 10. said all humans have natural rights from birth such as life, liberty, and property
- 11. began when the radical ideas about equality & social justice caused French peasants to overthrow the old order (in 1789)
- 12. famous for Messiah choir & orchestra performance at Easter and Christmas
- 13. Author of the 28 volume "Encyclopedia" that changed the general way of thinking about government, philosophy, etc.
- 17. believed people are cruel, evil and selfish, an absolute monarchy is necessary to control society
- 19. Austrian composer and performer who was a prodigy at the age of six and for 30 years helped define the new composition style
- 20. Argued with Rousseau that women, too, should receive natural rights of the social contract like education
- 22. German Lutheran who wrote complex and beautiful religious works for organ choirs (baroque music)
- 23. people give up certain freedoms of nature, in return for law and order
Down
- 2. movement that stressed reason/thought and the power of individuals to solve problems in society
- 3. gov't restricts access to ideas in order to defend the old order and bans/burns books
- 4. the Enlightenment largely did not change the lives of these 2 groups; in Western Europe they still had to provide free labor & allow nobles to use their land
- 6. the most famous host of the Salons from 1750-1775; influential in the movement that brought the top thinkers and artists together
- 7. Austrian emperor who was tolerant of free speech and religion; listened to the people and used his power to provide hospitals and end serfdom
- 8. absolute rulers who used their power to bring about political and social change (ex. Fredrick, Catherine, and Joseph II)
- 14. policy that government should interfere as little as possible in a nation's economy
- 15. laws that govern human behavior, applying the Scientific Revolution to the problems in society
- 16. fought for freedom of speech, religion, and tolerance; his books censored by the gov't so he disguised his ideas in "fiction"
- 18. artistic style started in the 1600s with huge, colorful, and complex style
- 21. artistic style starting in the mid 1700s with more delicate and nature features