Enzymes

4. The main energy currency of the cell; stores and provides energy for many biochemical reactions.
7. Metabolic pathways that build larger molecules from smaller ones; requires energy input (endergonic).
8. Reaction A reaction that requires energy input; products have more energy than reactants.
10. An enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; helps protect cells from oxidative damage.
12. Inhibition A form of negative feedback where the end product of a pathway inhibits an earlier step.
13. A regulatory mechanism in biological systems, where the output affects future activity.
14. Complex Temporary structure formed when the substrate binds to the enzyme's active site.
16. Metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy (exergonic).
18. Inhibition When a molecule mimics the substrate and binds to the active site, blocking the actual substrate.

1. Inhibitors Molecules that bind to a site other than the active site, changing enzyme shape and reducing activity.
2. Fit A model explaining how enzyme changes shape slightly to fit the substrate more precisely upon binding.
3. The specific reactant that an enzyme acts on in a chemical reaction.
5. Reaction A chemical reaction that releases energy; reactants have more energy than products.
6. Inhibitor Binds to a site other than the active site and changes the enzyme's shape, reducing activity.
7. Site The specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.
9. A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed; enzymes are biological catalysts.
11. Non-protein helpers (metal ions or coenzymes) that assist in enzyme function.
15. A biological catalyst made of proteins that speeds up specific chemical reactions in the body.
16. An organic molecule (often derived from vitamins) that assists enzymes in catalyzing reactions.
17. Energy The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.