Era 3 - Independence and Industrialization

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Across
  1. 3. conflict where thirteen colonies broke away from British rule, influenced by Enlightenment ideas
  2. 5. movement to end the practice of enslaving people, growing especially strong in the 1800s
  3. 9. had access to coal, iron, rivers, and capital that helped it become the first country to mechanize production
  4. 10. system where property and production are shared, aiming to eliminate social classes
  5. 15. intellectual movement that emphasized reason, liberty, and natural rights as challenges to traditional authority
  6. 16. leader who fought for independence in South America and wrote a famous letter describing his vision for the region
  7. 23. revolutionary French statement affirming liberty, equality, and fraternity in 1789
  8. 24. groups formed by workers to demand better pay, hours, and conditions
Down
  1. 1. thinker who argued for free markets and limited government interference in the economy
  2. 2. document announcing the separation of British colonies in North America from British rule in 1776
  3. 4. period of rapid modernization and westernization in Japan during the 1800s to resist foreign domination
  4. 6. process of using machines to increase production, first happening on a large scale in Britain
  5. 7. group that grew during industrialization, including professionals like merchants, factory owners, and clerks
  6. 8. effort to win the right to vote for women, gaining strength in the late 1800s and early 1900s
  7. 11. belief that people who share a culture or language should have their own independent nation
  8. 12. idea that governments get their power from an agreement with the people to protect their rights
  9. 13. system where the government or community controls major industries to promote equality
  10. 14. reform movement in the Ottoman Empire that aimed to strengthen the state through legal and educational changes
  11. 17. massive civil war in China led by a religious leader claiming to be the brother of Jesus, partly in reaction to poverty
  12. 18. philosopher who criticized capitalism and co-wrote a famous call for workers of the world to unite
  13. 19. economic system where private owners control production and compete for profit
  14. 20. uprising of enslaved people that led to the first Black republic and independence from France
  15. 21. political upheaval beginning in 1789 that challenged monarchy and privilege in favor of equality and popular rule
  16. 22. growth of cities, often caused by people moving for factory jobs during the industrial era