ESS Topic 5 Important Terminology

3. farming Farming that provides food for the farmer’s family with little surplus.
5. A substance added to soil to enhance plant growth.
6. The excessive grazing of land, leading to soil degradation.
8. A balanced soil type containing sand, silt, and clay, ideal for agriculture.
10. soil A soil type with medium-sized particles, better water retention than sand but better drainage than clay.
12. farming Large-scale farming aimed at producing food for sale.
17. The organic component of soil formed by decomposed plant material.
18. The buildup of salts in soil, often due to irrigation.
20. farming High-input farming aimed at maximizing yield per unit of land.
23. The practice of growing multiple crops in the same area.

1. A chemical used to kill pests that damage crops.
2. The process by which fertile land becomes desert due to climate change or human activities.
4. rotation The practice of growing different crops in the same field to maintain soil fertility.
7. soil A soil type with small particles that retain water but have poor drainage.
9. farming Farming that uses large areas with minimal inputs.
11. The loss of nutrients from soil as water moves downward.
13. The removal of soil by wind or water.
14. A farming method involving the cutting and burning of forests for agriculture.
15. profile A vertical section of soil showing different layers, called horizons.
16. degradation The decline in soil quality due to human activities such as deforestation and overgrazing.
19. The cultivation of a single crop over a large area.
21. soil A soil type with large particles that drain quickly but retain few nutrients.
22. The process of recycling organic matter into nutrient-rich soil.