Across
- 2. a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time, and which are capable of interbreeding. These change and respond to interactions in the environment.
- 3. a community and the physical environment with which it interacts. Ecosystems such as lakes and forests can exist across political boundaries.
- 4. diversity refers to the range of different habitats in an ecosystem or biome.
- 6. natural capital either irreplaceable or can only be replaced over geological timescales; for example, fossil fuels, soil and minerals.
- 8. indirectly measures pollution by assaying the impact on species within the community according to their tolerance, diversity and relative abundance. Species used in this test are called indicator species
- 10. the responsible use and management of global resources that allows natural regeneration and minimizes environmental damage.
- 12. can occur when lakes, estuaries and coastal waters receive inputs of nutrients (nitrates and phosphates), which results in an excess growth of plants and phytoplankton.
- 15. describes the conditions in the atmosphere over a short period of time.
- 16. describes how the atmosphere behaves over relatively long periods of time.
- 17. argues that humans must sustainably manage the global system. This might be through the use of taxes, environmental regulation and legislation. Debate would be encouraged to reach a consensual, pragmatic approach to solving environmental problems.
- 18. integrates social, spiritual and environmental dimensions into a holistic ideal. It puts ecology and nature as central to humanity and emphasizes a less materialistic approach to life with greater self-sufficiency of societies.
Down
- 1. illustrates the differences in composition of soils. Familiarity with it is used for soil type classification based on the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in the soil is required.
- 5. a group of populations living and interacting with each other in a common habitat. The interactions of species with their environment result in energy and nutrient flows.
- 7. the amount of yield that can be removed from a system at the same rate it is removed. Stratospheric ozone a key component of the atmospheric system because it protects living systems from the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
- 9. argues that technological developments can provide solutions to environmental problems. This is a consequence of a largely optimistic view of the role humans can play in improving the lot of humanity. Scientific research is encouraged in order to form policies and to understand how systems can be controlled, manipulated or changed to solve resource depletion. A pro-growth agenda is deemed necessary for society’s improvement.
- 11. a broad concept encompassing the total diversity of living systems, which includes the diversity of species, habitat diversity and genetic diversity.
- 13. an international agreement created by the UN
- 14. a hypothetical concept in which neither energy nor matter is exchanged across the boundary.