Across
- 3. The transfer of thermal energy in a gas or liquid by means of currents in the heated fluid.
- 5. The study of heat and its transformation into different forms of energy.
- 7. Heat never spontaneously flows from a lower temperature substance to a higher temperature substance.
- 9. The transfer of energy by means of electromagnetic waves.
- 10. A restatement of the law of energy conservation, usually as it applies to systems involving changes in temperature.
Down
- 1. No system can reach absolute zero.
- 2. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by 1 Celsius degree.
- 4. The amount of heat needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree.
- 6. The total energy (kinetic plus potential)of the submicroscopic particles that make up a substance (often called internal energy.
- 8. thermal energy that flows from substance of higher temperature to a substance of lower temperature, commonly measured in calories or joules.