Ethical Thought Revision

6. What problem for divine command theory arises if moral rules depend solely on God’s will with no reason?
7. Term for abstract ideas or ideals that people mistakenly submit to?
8. A voluntary, temporary association formed only for mutual benefit?
9. moral view that prioritizes self-sacrifice for others
11. Which contemporary philosopher critiques modified divine command theory in his writings on religion and ethics?
14. What term describes the “unique one,” the irreducibly individual person?
15. Which philosopher is most associated with virtue ethics and the Nicomachean Ethics?
16. What divine attribute raises questions in debates about God’s ability to command anything whatsoever?
17. What German term refers to “ownness,” the unique individuality of the self?
20. What Virtue ethics principle states that virtue lies between two extremes?
22. In Virtue ethics what do we call the extreme that exceeds the virtuous mean?
23. Ethical egoism is what type of ethical theory, normative or descriptive??
25. What collection of teachings in the Sermon on the Mount describes the qualities blessed by God?
26. What term refers to a stable disposition of character developed through habituation?
27. Which 20th-century philosopher and novelist defended rational egoism in works like Atlas Shrugged?

1. What is the name of the practical wisdom required to make virtuous decisions?
2. What Greek term means “virtue” or “excellence”?
3. What term describes the ultimate goal of human flourishing or “living well” in Virtue theory?
4. Which 19th-century German philosopher wrote The Ego and Its Own?
5. Ethical egoism holds that the morally right action is the one that promotes what?
10. What is the term for the extreme that falls short of the virtuous mean?
12. What term refers to the view that there may be multiple sources or kinds of moral truth rather than a single foundation?
13. What theory claims that all human action is ultimately motivated by self-interest?
18. Which modern philosopher argued for a modified divine command theory based on God’s loving nature?
19. What do we call a person whose character serves as a model for moral development?
21. Psychological egoism is what type of theory: normative or descriptive?
24. What famous dilemma challenges whether morality is commanded by God because it is good, or good because God commands it?