extra credit

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Across
  1. 3. shift
  2. 6. a molecule essential for life that carries genetic instructions from DNA and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis
  3. 11. bond
  4. 12. base
  5. 15. a five-carbon sugar that is a vital component of DNA, RNA, and other critical molecules
  6. 17. replicates
  7. 19. goes with adenine
  8. 21. group
  9. 24. a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
  10. 25. a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
  11. 27. essential nutrients that are the building blocks for body tissue and are crucial for cell repair, growth, and overall function
  12. 28. translates
  13. 30. acids
  14. 31. a purine nitrogenous base that is one of the four building blocks of DNA and RNA
  15. 32. cellular machines that are essential for protein synthesis, acting as "factories" that read genetic instructions from messenger RNA (mRNA) and build proteins.
Down
  1. 1. a segment of DNA that carries instructions for a specific trait, like eye color, by directing the creation of proteins or functional RNA molecules
  2. 2. is a single-stranded RNA molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the cell's ribosomes for protein synthesis.
  3. 4. a permanent change in the genetic material (DNA) of an organism.
  4. 5. sugar
  5. 7. a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in DNA or RNA that specifies a particular amino acid or a start/stop signal during protein synthesis
  6. 8. sugar
  7. 9. helix
  8. 10. thread-like structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain genetic information in the form of DNA
  9. 13. a type of ribonucleic acid that is a crucial component of ribosomes, the molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis
  10. 14. mutation
  11. 16. one of the four main nucleotide bases in DNA and RNA that forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine
  12. 17. acid
  13. 18. the molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all known living organisms
  14. 20. acid
  15. 22. a pyrimidine base found in RNA that pairs with adenine
  16. 23. the removal or obliteration of written or printed matter, especially by drawing a line through it.
  17. 26. a small RNA molecule that acts as an adapter in protein synthesis, linking the mRNA codons to the correct amino acids
  18. 29. Adenine
  19. 30. one of two or more versions of a gene that exist at the same location (locus) on a chromosome