fah2 2

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Across
  1. 3. stereotypies are specialised forms of abnormal behaviour patterns that are repetitive, unvarying, and serve no obvious ____ or function
  2. 4. potential _________ of housing animals: avoid predation, control diet fully, control thermal environment, can seperate from faeces and environmental disease sources.
  3. 7. (2 words) threshold for this noxious gas is 10ppm. it is extremely toxic to animals and humans.
  4. 9. animals should have access to suitable feed and water without bullying or undue __________. (eg water trough up end of cow corridor, shy cows may have problems walking past alpha cows to get water)
  5. 10. temperature should be within an animals __________ range. periods outside this range should not be prolonged, or cause too great a cost through adaptation.
  6. 12. abnormal behaviours occur when an animal has a _____ that the environment does not satisfy.
  7. 14. environemtnal __________ may be necessary in order to cater for strong behavoural needs/motivations, and to minimise stress/ prevent abnormal behaviour development.
  8. 16. ________ behaviour is not simply due to boredom. in housed animals, it is often due to A NEED IN THE ANIMAL THAT THE ENVIRONMENT IS UNABLE TO SATISFY. eg chewing of bars in cattle/ tongue rolling (cattle evolved to chew/ruminate)
  9. 18. it is better to adapt the house to the _________, rather than forcing the ______ to adapt to an environment.
Down
  1. 1. the threahold for the gas ________ is 20ppm. over this level it increases the animals susceptibility to respiratory disease.
  2. 2. (2 words) threshold for this gas is 40000ppm (4%) . animals can tolerate much higher levels than ammonia or hydrogen sulfide. derived from manure breakdown, and respiration.
  3. 5. potential risks of housing animals include: close proximity (increase risk of rapid disease _______, need to maintain cleanliness, animals dependant on humans/machines for feed/water/ventilation, built envinronment may decrease comfort.
  4. 6. abnormal behaviours may include: actions causing injury to performer/recipient, stereotypic behaviours (repetitive), abnormal body movements (not displayed in species in natural environment), ____________ behaviour (performed in absence of appropriate stimulus eg hen pecking at nothing), apathetic behaviour.
  5. 8. there should be adequate __________ to prevent toxic gas build up (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide)
  6. 11. the quality of ____________ and care of an animal has a greater influence than specific design features of a generally suitable environment.
  7. 13. ________ animals should be housed in compatible _____ groups.
  8. 15. cows need at least _____ square metres to lie down in, otherwise their daily lying time will decrease dramatically (a measure of how comfortable the animal is).
  9. 17. animals need a dry, ________ and comfortable place to rest, with thermal insulation if possible.