Across
- 3. A way that knights trained for war; tournament.
- 5. The central building of the castle
- 6. The code of the knights; help people; defend noble women; defend the Church.
- 10. As trade increased, merchants demanded to be paid in gold or silver _______, not in barter.
- 12. Serfs had to give what to the lord of the manor?
- 17. Peasants who could own land.
- 20. Armed vassals on horseback.
- 22. Wooden castles burned, so nobles began building their castles out of what material?
- 24. After the fall of this “great man’s” empire, strong government collapsed in W. Europe
- 25. New technology caused more food and goods to be produced. Trade and population grew. Cities and ________ grew larger.
- 26. Medieval towns were jammed tight; had little light; the air was smokey and ash-filled; sewers were open.
- 27. The lord ______ the vassal.
- 28. The class of people who are merchants, bankers, or artisans.
- 30. According to the video in lesson 2, Chapter 18, what was the outer wall of a castle called?
- 32. Merchant towns in Flanders, like Bruges and Ghent, manufactured what material?
- 33. According to the video in lesson 2, Chapter 18, what is the German word for “castle”?
Down
- 1. According to the video in lesson 2, Chapter 18, what was the high hill surrounding castle called?
- 2. Another invention of the Ancient Chinese, the horse _______ allowed horses to pull plows, faster than could an ox.
- 4. These organized business groups set prices and standards of quality for goods or services.
- 7. A trainee in a guild.
- 8. Land granted to the vassal in exchange for service to the lord.
- 9. “I am no longer an apprentice. I work for a master artisan for a daily wage. “Journee” is the French word for day. I work for a daily wage. I am a ….?”
- 11. Peasants who worked the land for the lord of the manor, but who could not be bought or sold.
- 13. What the vassal swears or makes to the lord.
- 14. The name given to the political and social order in which nobles govern and protect the people in return for fighting in the noble’s army or farming his land.
- 15. A lower-ranking nobleman who serves a lord.
- 16. What would a serf be who lived in a town--away from the manor--for a year and a day?
- 18. Powered by wind or water, they are used to grind grain, pumping water, or cutting wood.
- 19. An apprentice learns his craft from a __________ artisan or craftsman.
- 21. According to the video in lesson 2, Chapter 18, at what age did most peasants die?
- 23. The building at the center of the lord’s estate.
- 29. An invention from China--a plow with a blade of this metal made the time peasants spent in the fields more productive.
- 31. A high-ranking nobleman.