Across
- 4. - Alcohol step that differentiates Gram+ vs Gram–.
- 6. pallidum - Spirochete causing syphilis.
- 10. Waste - Waste containing biological material (plates, tips, gloves) disposed in red bins.
- 18. Removal - Proper method of taking off gloves to prevent contamination of hands.
- 19. Bacteriuria - Bacteria present in urine without symptoms — should NOT be treated.
- 20. Mountain Spotted Fever - Caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, transmitted by ticks.
- 22. - Counterstain that turns Gram– cells pink.
- 23. Salt Agar (MSA) - Turns yellow if mannitol is fermented.
- 24. Antibiotic - Targets many bacteria; overuse leads to resistance.
- 25. - Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System; monitors vaccine safety.
- 26. Media - Allows some organisms to grow while inhibiting others. Example: MacConkey inhibits Gram-positives.
- 27. - Pairs.
- 30. Media - Distinguishes species based on biochemical reactions. Example: lactose fermenters turn MacConkey pink.
- 32. - Fluke infection transmitted through freshwater snails.
- 35. - Object that carries pathogens (phones, doorknobs).
- 36. - Comma-shaped bacteria.
- 37. - A preparation that stimulates the immune system to prevent disease.
- 38. - Pink granules; fight parasites/allergies.
- 41. - Kidney-shaped nucleus; become macrophages.
- 42. - Spherical bacteria.
- 43. Disinfection - Alcohol wipes reduce bacterial spread in healthcare settings.
- 47. - Chains.
- 48. - An arthropod (mosquito, tick, flea) that carries and transmits pathogens.
- 49. - Clusters.
- 50. - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus — survives well on surfaces.
- 52. (I) - May work at high dose or in certain body sites.
- 55. - Rod-shaped bacteria.
- 56. - Multicellular worms: Nematodes (roundworms), Cestodes (tapeworms), and Trematodes (flukes)
- 57. Hesitancy - Delay or refusal of vaccines despite access.
- 58. - Single-celled eukaryotes (e.g., Giardia, Plasmodium).
- 59. STAIN - A single dye used to visualize size, shape, and arrangement.
- 60. Wash - Device used to flush eyes for 15 minutes after chemical or biological exposure.
Down
- 1. - Infection of the kidneys.
- 2. - Removing transient microbes using soap, friction, and rinsing for at least 20 seconds.
- 3. burgdorferi - Spirochete causing Lyme disease.
- 5. Virus - Highly contagious RNA virus causing fever, rash, Koplik spots.
- 7. Therapy - Antibiotics given before culture results (e.g., nitrofurantoin).
- 8. - A Disease caused by Plasmodium transmitted by mosquitoes.
- 9. - Purple cells; thick peptidoglycan.
- 11. ® - Antibiotic will not work.
- 12. Differential - % of each WBC type used to diagnose types of infection.
- 13. - Multilobed nuclei; fight bacterial infections.
- 14. - Purple granules; release histamine.
- 15. - Pink cells; thin peptidoglycan + outer membrane.
- 16. - Infection of the bladder.
- 17. - Needles, slides, glass; disposed ONLY in sharps containers.
- 21. Vaccine - Prevents measles, mumps, rubella; required for herd immunity.
- 26. - Spiral, corkscrew-shaped bacteria.
- 28. Immunity - Protection of the community when enough people are vaccinated.
- 29. - A sugar-based outer coating that prevents phagocytosis.
- 31. - Large nucleus; viral protection.
- 33. Shower - Used to wash off chemicals/biological agents from the body.
- 34. - Infection of the urethra.
- 39. - Efforts to prescribe antibiotics appropriately.
- 40. - Live on the outside of hosts (lice, ticks, mites).
- 44. (S) - Antibiotic is effective.
- 45. of Inhibition - Clear area around antibiotic disk where bacteria cannot grow.
- 46. Disease - Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by ticks.
- 51. - Substance added to vaccines to boost immune response.
- 53. Stain - Stain technique where background is stained, capsule appears as a clear halo.
- 54. Transmission - Virus spreads through air and remains suspended up to 2 hours.