Forestry Ecology

5. a forest area that has experienced new growth
6. the uppermost branches and foliage of a tree
7. the terrestrial biome that consists of those forest areas found in regions of the world where temperatures are high throughout the year and rain falls almost daily
8. a tree that receives only diffused sunlight and as a result is slow-growing and lacks vigor
9. the forest stratum located beneath the canopy layer and above the shrub layer and consisting of tree saplings, small shade-tolerant trees, and tall shrubs
10. an area with a high density of trees
12. a tree with a crown that rises above the general canopy level; sometimes called an emergent
13. a dead tree that remains standing
16. the forest stratum located below the
18. an event of intense environmental stress occurring over a relatively short time that causes great change to the affected ecosystem
20. the division of large contiguous forested areas into smaller pieces of forest, often by roads, agriculture, utility corridors, subdivisions, or other human development
22. the different strata, or layers, of vegetation in a forest
24. a tree with a crown that receives overhead light but with sides that receive only obstructed light because of neighboring trees
25. the sequence of gradual changes in a plant community over time
26. a native forest that has developed over a long period without significant disturbance from fire, windstorm, or logging

1. a forest in which the species are voluntarily growing and are naturally present in the area
2. the terrestrial biome that consists of those forest areas with temperate or moderate temperatures and relatively high precipitation
3. the forest stratum consisting of decaying plant and animal matter, fungi, mosses, lichens, and detritivores
4. the clearing of the earth’s forests on a massive scale
10. and grasses
11. a tree that grows below the dominant and codominant trees and receives direct sunlight only from above
14. layer and above the herb/fern layer and consisting of young tree saplings and mature shrubs
15. the lowest forest stratum containing living vegetation, including tree seedlings, herbs,
17. a remnant of a fragmented forest surrounded by nonforested land
19. the forest stratum consisting primarily of the tallest mature trees; often referred to as the overstory layer
21. the terrestrial biome that consists primarily of coniferous trees, such as pine, spruce, and fir in subarctic regions; also called boreal forest
23. the study of the forest ecosystem