Form 4 Coastal Landforms

1. the forward movement of water up a beach
4. the movement of water down a beach back into the sea
6. sand and pebbles are thrown against the cliff, wearing it away like sandpaper
7. a ridge of sand that joins two headlands together, sealing off a lagoon
8. a wide, curved inlet formed where soft rock has been eroded
11. rocks and pebbles hit each other and break into smaller, smoother pieces
16. notch: a small hollow at the base of a cliff created by wave attack
17. a part of the coast that juts out into the sea, formed from resistant rock
19. the low remains of a stack that has been eroded and shortened
20. a coastline where rock types run parallel to the shore
22. a hollow formed in a headland when weak points are widened by erosion
23. a steep rock face along the edge of the sea

2. a tall pillar of rock left isolated when the roof of an arch collapses
3. a coastline where rock types run at right angles to the shore
5. the chemical action of water, which dissolves minerals in the rock
9. a ridge of sand or shingle that grows out from the land into the sea
10. platform: a flat, rocky area left behind at low tide as a cliff retreats
12. deposited material forming a gently sloping shoreline
13. action: water is forced into cracks in the rock, compressing air and blowing it apart
14. waves that have a strong backwash and erode beaches
15. drift: the zig-zag movement of sediment along a coastline
18. dunes: hills of sand formed by the wind at the back of a beach
21. a natural opening through a headland formed when a cave breaks through to the other side
22. waves that have a strong swash and build up beaches