Across
- 2. / A period of low economic activity combined with a rise in unemployment.
- 4. Mason / An antifederalist who’s main problem with the Constitution was that it did not have a section that guaranteed individual rights.
- 7. Ordinance of 1785 / It set up a system for surveying and dividing western lands. These lands were split into townships, which were 36 square miles divided into 36 lots of 60 acres each.
- 10. Branch / The judicial branch is made up of all the n national courts. This branch is responsible for interpreting laws, punishing criminals, and settling disputes between states.
- 12. Branch / Congress is responsible for proposing and passing laws. It is made up of two houses, as created in the Great Compromise. The Senate and the House of Representatives have different rules governing how many members represents each state, which helps balance the power between large and small states.
- 15. Jersey Plan / New Jersey delegate presented this plan, which called for a unicameral legislature. The plan gave each state an equal number of votes, and thus an equal voice, in the federal government. The plan gave the federal government the power to tax citizens in all states, and allowed the government to regulate commerce.
- 16. Commerce / Trade between two or more states.
- 18. Convention / It was held in May 1787 in Philadelphia’s Independence Hall to improve the Articles of Confederation. However, delegates ended up leaving with an entirely new U.S. Constitution.
- 22. Carta / A document signed by Kind John in 1215, that made the king subject to law.
- 23. Ordinance of 1787 / An ordinance passed by Congress in order to form a political system for the region. The ordinance established the Northwest Territory. It also created a system for bringing new states into the Union.
- 25. Papers / A series of essays that was one of the most important defenses of the Constitution. These essays were written anonymously under the name Publius. They were actually written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.
- 26. / A set of basic principals and laws that states the powers and duties of the government.
- 27. Compromise / Under this agreement only three-fifths of a state’s slave population would count when determining representatives.
- 28. Rebellion / The uprising of farmers to protest high taxes and heavy debt.
Down
- 1. Sovereignty / This is the idea that political authority is in the hands of the people. In the U.S. this power is expressed through people’s votes.
- 3. Branch / This branch includes the president and the departments that help run the government. The executive branch makes sure that laws are carried out.
- 5. / People who opposed the United States Constitution.
- 6. / A system created by delegates that divides the powers of government between a central government and the states that make up a nation.
- 8. of Confederation / A document that created the first central government for the United States, which was replaced by the Constitution in 1789. The Articles of Confederation is also known as a set of basic laws.
- 9. / Taxes on imports or exports.
- 11. / This occurs when there are increased prices for goods and services combined with the reduced value of money.
- 13. Statue for Religious Freedom / A document that declared no person could be forced to attend a particular church or be required to pay for a church with tax money. This document also included Thomas Jefferson’s ideas about religious freedom.
- 14. Madison / He was America's fourth President and made a large contribution to the ratification of the Constitution. He also wrote the Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.
- 17. / The right to vote
- 19. Plan / A plan presented by Edmund Randolph. He proposed a new federal constitution that would give sovereignty, or supreme power to the central government. The legislature would be bicameral and chosen on the basis of state populations. Larger states would thus have more representatives than would smaller states.
- 20. Territory / A territory that included areas that are now in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.
- 21. Shays / A war veteran who led hundreds of men in the forced shutdown of the Supreme Court in Springfield, Massachusetts. The state government ordered the farmers to stop the revolt under the threat of capture and death. However, these threats only made Shay and his followers more determined.
- 24. Compromise / The agreement to create a two-house legislature.
- 26. and Balances / A system that keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful.